Cambodia Forest Cover 2016

The primary purpose of this booklet is to provide specific information on the forest cover 2016 of Cambodia, which can be used as a reference in developing plans, formulation of environmental policy, National Protected Area Strategic Management Plan and conservation forest resource, and to provide key activity data for implementation of REDD+ in Cambodia. Information and data represented in this booklet follow the most recent IPCC’s guidelines on transparency, completeness, consistency and accuracy. This data and information is also an additional source to the 2006-2016 forest cover change dataset of PA system, which was published last August 2017.

National Protected Area Strategic Management Plan 2017-2031

The National Protected Area Strategic Management Plan (NPASMP) reflects the country’s political will and firm commitment to safeguard a network of protected areas that contributes to the country’s economy and sustainable development, including poverty reduction, through the conservation and sustainable use of its biological, natural and cultural resources and other ecosystem services. The NPASMP will guide the Ministry of Environment and assist non-governmental organizations and development partners in developing concrete and appropriate measures and actions to strengthen the effectiveness of protected areas in contributing to the National Strategic Development Plan, the National Strategic Plan on Green Growth, the Cambodia Climate Change Strategic Plan, the National REDD+ Strategy and the National Environmental Strategy and Action Plan.

Cambodia National Forest Monitoring System

Cambodia developed a national forest monitoring system (NFMS) for the purpose of implementing REDD+ activities and also for ordinary forest management based on existing mechanisms and tools. This draft document describes the design of the NFMS which will be constructed in a phased approach.

National REDD+ Strategy

Papua New Guinea National REDD+ Strategy 2017 - 2027

Mapeo de los Beneficios Múltiples de REDD+ en Paraguay: Análisis adicionales para orientar la toma de decisiones sobre políticas y medidas REDD+

The benefits examined in this report reflect the priorities identified by Paraguayan national actors, and include the role of forests in carbon storage and sequestration; the control of soil erosion; and support for biodiversity and livelihoods.

Programa de Adaptación para la Gestión de los Recursos Vegetacionales En el marco de cambio climático, desertificación, degradación de las tierras y sequía

Documento que da cuenta de los lineamientos y avances de la medida de acción Programa de Adaptación para la Gestión de los Recursos Vegetacionales En el marco de cambio climático, desertificación, degradación de las tierras y sequía (GA1) de la ENCCRV.

Gira de Campo. Proyectos de Restauración en la Región de Coquimbo con Cooperantes Internacionales y Servicios Públicos vinculados a la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV)

Documento que incorpora una descripción de todas las actividades visitadas durante la gira 2016, además del contexto en el que se circunscriben los proyectos visitados.

Nota Informativa N°19. Valorización económica de beneficios ambientales y sociales de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025) de Chile

El documento describe la valorización económica de beneficios ambientales y sociales de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025) de Chile

Nota Informativa N°18 Restauración Hidrológica Forestal y Ambiental en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025) en las Regiones del Biobío y Los Ríos.

Documento que describe dos proyectos de de Restauración Hidrológica Forestal y Ambiental en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025) en las Regiones del Biobío y Los Ríos.

Nota Informativa N°17. Proceso de Diálogo y Participación con los Pueblos Indígenas en la formulación de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile.

Documento que describe el Proceso de Diálogo y Participación con los Pueblos Indígenas en la formulación de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile el cual incluyó a los pueblos originarios de todo el territorio de Chile continental, focalizando las zonas rurales de las diez regiones con presencia de población indígena y donde sus formas de vida y costumbres se relacionan directa e indirectamente con los bosques y recursos vegetacionales.

Nota Informativa 16. Diagnóstico de medios, estándares y actores involucrados en el proceso de comercialización de leña, en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV)

Documento que describe el diagnóstico de medios, estándares y actores involucrados en el proceso de comercialización de leña, en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) por medio de un que permita favorecer la capacidad de detección de prácticas irregulares de producción y el control de canales de comercialización informal del producto, contribuyendo a dar cumplimiento a la medida de acción US.3 Fortalecimiento al programa de dendroenergía y a la matriz energética del país de la ENCCRV.

Nota Informativa N°15. Proyecto de Restauración de Tierras en la Comuna de Ovalle, Región de Coquimbo en el marco de la fase de implementación de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025).

El documento describe el Proyecto de Restauración de Tierras en la Comuna de Ovalle, Región de Coquimbo en el marco de la fase de implementación de la ENCCRV, el proyecto busca establecer las bases que permitan el acercamiento a un modelo de inversión para las comunidades y promover la recuperación de los equilibrios ecosistémicos en los sitios de intervención a través de diversas técnicas, la construcción de obras de conservación de suelos, exclusión de animales herbívoros exóticos, forestación y revegetación idealmente con especies nativas y además, efectuar el monitoreo de las acciones en un horizonte de mediano plazo, apoyando el logro de las Metas de Aichi 5.

Nota Informativa N°14. Modelo Financiero para la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025).

El documento expone en términos generales los elementos metodológicos y prácticos utilizados en la construcción del Modelo Financiero que integra la estructura de la ENCCRV con las fuentes de financiamiento disponibles para cubrir los presupuestos requeridos para sus distintas fases e instancias de administración y monitoreo. Destacando que los datos entregados deben ser constantemente actualizados, según los avances y escenarios existentes en el marco de los ingresos percibidos para ejecutar la ENCCRV.

Nota Informativa N°13. Sistema de Alerta Temprana (SAT) para la detección de cambios en los recursos vegetacionales de Chile

Nota Informativa sobre el diseño implementación del Sistema de Alerta Temprana (SAT) con énfasis en cambios en la vegetación y su potencial expansión a otras aplicaciones en la gestión de distintos recursos naturales, que se vincula a la Medida de acción transversal MT.7. “Fortalecimiento de los programas de fiscalización forestal y ambiental”, especialmente en el elemento asociado a fortalecimiento de la capacidad institucional de CONAF

Proceso de Consulta Ciudadana para Validación y Fortalecimiento de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025) de Chile

Descripción del Proceso de Consulta Ciudadana on line para Validación y Fortalecimiento de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025) de Chile

International Seminar: REDD+ Implementation and Sustainable Forest Management, 6-7 February 2014, Tokyo, Japan

Presentations and proceedings

Mapeo de los Beneficios Múltiples de REDD+ en Paraguay: Utilización de la Información Espacial para apoyar la Planificación del Uso de la Tierra

The benefits examined in this report reflect the priorities identified by Paraguayan national actors, and include the role of forests in carbon storage and sequestration; the control of soil erosion; and support for biodiversity and livelihoods.

Informative Note N° 11. Chile-Mexico Binational Cooperation Project regarding forests and climate change

Summary of the activities developed during the Chile-Mexico Binational Cooperation Project regarding forests and climate change

Nota Informativa N°11. Proyecto de cooperación binacional México – Chile en materia de bosques y cambio climático

Descripción de las actividades ejecutadas durante el Proyecto de cooperación binacional México – Chile en materia de bosques y cambio climático, en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales y la Estrategia Nacional REDD de México (ENAREDD+)

Informative Note N°10. Analysis of the condition of land tenure for supporting the implementation of the 2017-2025 National Strategy on Climate Change and Vegetation Resources (ENCCRV).

Analysis of the condition of land tenure for supporting the implementation of the 2017-2025 National Strategy on Climate Change and Vegetation Resources (ENCCRV).

Informative Note N°9. Chile’s Subnational Forest Reference Emission Levels/Forest Reference Levels Regions

Chile’s Subnational Forest Reference Emission Levels/Forest Reference Levels Regions between El Maule and Los Lagos.

Nota Informativa N°9. Nivel de Referencia de Emisiones Forestales/Nivel de Referencia Forestal subnacional de Chile

Nivel de Referencia de Emisiones Forestales/Nivel de Referencia Forestal subnacional de Chile Regiones entre el Maule y Los Lagos.

Informative Note N°8. Mainstreaming of the Gender Approach in Chile’s National Strategy on Climate Change and Vegetation Resources (ENCCRV).

Nota Informativa N°8. Mainstreaming of the Gender Approach in Chile’s National Strategy on Climate Change and Vegetation Resources (ENCCRV).

Nota Informativa N°8. Transversalización del Enfoque de Género en la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile.

Transversalización del Enfoque de Género en la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile.

Informative Note N°7. Identification and prioritization of causes for deforestation, devegetation and degradation of vegetation resources and related issues for increasing their cover and quality

Identification and prioritization of causes for deforestation, devegetation and degradation of vegetation resources and related issues for increasing their cover and quality as foundations for the design of the action measures of the National Strategy on Climate Change and Vegetation Resources (ENCCRV).

Nota Informativa N°7. Identificación y priorización de causas de deforestación devegetación y degradación de los recursos vegetacionales y problemas asociados para aumentar su cobertura y calidad

Identificación y priorización de causas de deforestación devegetación y degradación de los recursos vegetacionales y problemas asociados para aumentar su cobertura y calidad como bases para el diseño de las medidas de acción de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV).

Nota Informativa N°6. Colaboración entre la Agencia Suiza para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación (COSUDE) y la Corporación Nacional Forestal (CONAF) en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV).

Colaboración entre la Agencia Suiza para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación (COSUDE) y la Corporación Nacional Forestal (CONAF) en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV).

Informative Note N°5. Update on the Risk of Desertification, Land Degradation and Drought in Chile, within the framework of the 2016-2030 National Action Program to Combat Desertification (PANCD-Chile)

Update on the Risk of Desertification, Land Degradation and Drought in Chile, within the framework of the 2016-2030 National Action Program to Combat Desertification (PANCD-Chile) and the 2017-2025 National Strategy on Climate Change and Vegetation Resources (ENCCRV).

Nota Informativa N°5. Actualización del riesgo de desertificación, degradación de las tierras y sequía en Chile

Actualización del riesgo de desertificación, degradación de las tierras y sequía en Chile, bajo el marco del Programa de Acción Nacional Contra la Desertificación (PANCD-Chile 2016-2030) y ENCCRV (2017-2025).

Nota Informativa N°4. Cooperaciones internacionales en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile:

Cooperaciones internacionales en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile: Fondo Cooperativo del Carbono Forestal (FCPF); Programa de las Naciones Unidas para REDD+ (ONU-REDD) y la Agencia Suiza para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación (COSUDE).

Nota Informativa N°3. Análisis de Emisiones y Absorciones de Carbono Forestal en el Bosque Mediterráneo de Chile.

Análisis de Emisiones y Absorciones de Carbono Forestal en el Bosque Mediterráneo de Chile.

Nota Informativa N°2. Alineación del Programa de Acción Nacional Contra la Desertificación (PANCD) de Chile con la Estrategia Decenal de la CNULD

Alineación del Programa de Acción Nacional Contra la Desertificación (PANCD) de Chile con la Estrategia Decenal de la CNULD y su vinculación con la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV).

Nota Informativa N°1. Compromisos forestales de Chile para enfrentar el cambio climático y consideraciones generales para la transferencia de derechos de carbono

Compromisos forestales de Chile para enfrentar el cambio climático y consideraciones generales para la transferencia de derechos de carbono

2ª Misión Conjunta de Cooperantes y Socios Relevantes de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) Chile, 16 al 21 de Enero 2017

Manual que incorpora una descripción de todas las actividades visitadas durante la gira 2017, además del contexto en el que se circunscriben los proyectos visitados.

1ª Misión Conjunta de Cooperantes y Socios Relevantes de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) Región de Los Ríos, La Araucanía y Biobío Chile, Enero 2016

Manual que incorpora una descripción de todas las actividades visitadas durante la gira 2016, además del contexto en el que se circunscriben los proyectos visitados

Documento del IV Curso Internacional en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile “Ordenación forestal y recuperación de formaciones vegetacionales degradadas.

Documento técnico que resume las materias, exposiciones y las salidas a terreno efectuadas en el marco del IV Curso Internacional Ordenación forestal y recuperación de formaciones vegetacionales degradadas realizado en noviembre del 2016.

Manual de Procedimientos Administrativos y Financieros

Aportes administrados como fondos de terceros a la Corporación Nacional Forestal (CONAF) en el marco de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales 2017-2025 (ENCCRV) de Chile

Manual de Estudios Cambio Climático y Bosques: Regulación Jurídica Nacional e Internacional desde un Enfoque de REDD+ y Aplicado a la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) (2017-2025) de Chile

Este Manual se enmarca dentro de los objetivos planteados para el desarrollo del trabajo denominado “Programa de capacitación sobre aspectos jurídicos asociados a REDD+”, de la CONAF

Plan para la Implementación de las Salvaguardas Ambientales y Sociales de Consulta Ciudadana e Indígena y Autoevaluación de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile.

El Plan tiene por objetivo principal, diseñar e implementar el proceso participativo y de resguardo de las salvaguardas ambientales y sociales en cada una de las fases de la ENCCRV. A través de la implementación del Plan y tras diversos apoyos de expertos, se generó la información base para realizar la Evaluación Estratégica Ambiental y Social (SESA) y el correspondiente Marco de Gestión Ambiental y Social (MGAS) de la ENCCRV.

Reporte de Neutralidad en la Degradación de las Tierras (NDT) ante la Convención de las Naciones Unidas de Lucha Contra la Desertificación (CNULD).

El presente informe, se desarrolla en base a este nuevo concepto y bajo el principio de mejora continua, la línea base para Chile respecto a la NDT; y se establecen las Metas que el país compromete al año 2025 al implementarse las medidas de acción dispuestas en la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV).

Programa de acción nacional de lucha contra la desertificación, la degradación de las tierras y la sequía PANCD-Chile 2016-2030

Documento técnico que Alinea el Programa con la Estrategia Decenal de la Convención de las Naciones Unidas de Lucha Contra la desertificación (CNULD), la iniciativa de degradación neutral de la tierra y los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible, en el marco de la ENCCRV de Chile.

Nivel de Referencia de Emisiones Forestales / Nivel de Referencia Forestal Subnacional de Chile

El NREF/NRF corresponde a la referencia para evaluar el rendimiento de los países que están implementando sus actividades REDD+, este debe caracterizar las emisiones históricas de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI) y proyectarlas hacia el futuro, con la intención de medir el desempeño del enfoque de políticas asociadas a REDD+. El NREF/NRF se realizó bajo una escala subnacional, la que incluye 5 regiones del país con alta presencia de bosque nativo.

Forest Reference Emission Level / Forest Reference Level of Native Forests in Chile

The NREF / NRF is the reference for evaluating the performance of the countries that are implementing their REDD + activities, this should characterize the historical emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) and project them into the future, with the intention of measuring the performance of the policies associated with REDD +. Inthe case of Chile the NREF / NRF was developed at subnational level.

Primer Resumen de Información Período del reporte 2013-2017 Abordaje, Respeto y Cumplimiento de las Salvaguardas para la Formulación de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile

Documento que da cumplimiento a la Decisión 12 de la Conferencia de las Partes número 17 (12/CP.171) de la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático (CMNUCC) que establece que los países en desarrollo deben proporcionar un resumen de la información sobre la forma en que se están abordando y respetando las Salvaguardas de Cancún.

Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) CHILE

Documento Marco de la ENCCRV el cual define el objetivo, objetivos específicos, visión, misión establecida para esta. Además, detalla el contexto nacional e internacional en materia de cambio climático y recursos vegetacionales, la propuesta técnica que incluye el detalle de las medidas de medidas de acción y presupuesto para combatir las causales de deforestación, devegetación, degradación de recursos vegetacionales y problemas asociados para aumentar su cobertura y calidad.

Official Submission of the Republic of Panama - Forest Reference Emissions Levels

Las emisiones de GEI y las absorciones de CO2 para el periodo de referencia (2006 -2015) se han estimado para las sub-categorías de uso y cambio de uso de la tierra, considerando las prácticas de gestión relacionadas con las cinco actividades REDD+. En este informe se presenta un resumen de los resultados, los cuales podrán encontrarse con mucho mayor detalle en la herramienta de cálculo denominada NRF_PANAMÁ. El balance neto para el periodo de referencia corresponde a -569, 913,347 de tCO2e (con un promedio anual neto de emisiones de -56, 991,334 tCO2e). Este último es el valor del NREF/NRF propuesto por Panamá para el periodo 2016-2025.

Reporte Público de Contabilidad (interina) de Emisiones Reducidas - ER en el marco del Programa REM

Colombia´s 2013-2014 public report on the reduction of emissions in the frame of the REDD Early Movers - REM, made public in order to fulfill the requirements to third disbursement of the program

Costs and Benefits of Reducing Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Nepal

This study, supported by UN Environment under the UN-REDD Technical Assistance was commissioned at a time when the Government of Nepal is preparing for REDD readiness phase. The findings and cost estimates of this study for implementing REDD+ in Nepal provide some valuable insights for planning REDD+ interventions. For instance, the annual costs of reducing deforestation in Nepal is between USD 654/ha to USD 3,663/ha, and the associated opportunity cost of carbon sequestration ranges from USD 1.11 to USD 3.56 per tCO2. This figure will be useful when negotiations begin for developing a carbon purchase agreement and for estimating the financial contribution of the forestry sector to the national GDP.

The Development of REDD+ Safeguards in the Hindu Kush Himalaya: Recent Experiences and Processes

In the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH), countries have initiated their work on REDD+ safeguards but no country has yet made a formal submission to the UNFCCC. REDD+ Initiative at ICIMOD, with the long-term goal of developing a conducive social and environmental safeguard to assist the countries in their REDD+ readiness phase, has initiated South- South learning platform to foster learning and sharing REDD+ experiences between the countries. This submission demonstrate how the HKH countries are committed to developing REDD+ safeguards.

Safeguards summary information Malaysia

Report on Summary of Information on How REDD+ Safeguards are Addressed and Respected

From reference levels to results reporting: REDD+ under the UNFCCC

This publication provides a status report on progress and achievements related to the MRV of REDD+ activities, as well as an update on activities related to countries’ submissions of theirForest Reference (Emission) Levels (FRELs/FRLs). The report also summarizes experiences with the technical assessment process, as of early 2017, and offers an overview of initial REDD+ results reporting and technical analyses of those reports.

Conservação das Florestas para Combater as Mudanças Climáticas

Em dezembro de 2015, com a assinatura do Acordo de Paris, as nações do mundo chegaram a um acordo histórico, abrangente e coletivo para combater as mudanças climáticas. O objetivo principal do acordo no âmbito da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima – CQNUMC (em inglês, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – UNFCCC) é manter o aumento da temperatura média global abaixo de 2° C em relação aos níveis pré-industriais, buscando esforços para que este aumento não passe de 1,5° C. O referido acordo reconhece o papel fundamental das florestas, incluindo ações para deter e reverter as taxas de desmatamento e de degradação florestal nos países em desenvolvimento, que têm contribuído com até 20% das emissões anuais de gases de efeito estufa. Para ajudar os países nessas ações, o acordo inclui uma estrutura de políticas e de incentivos para reduzir o desmatamento e a degradação florestal e aumentar o armazenamento de carbono nas florestas por meio da conservação e da gestão sustentável, o que inclui ações relacionadas ao REDD+.

Conservar los bosques para combatir el cambio climático

En diciembre del 2015, con la firma del Acuerdo de París, las naciones del mundo llegaron a un consenso sobre un enfoque histórico, colectivo y exhaustivo para combatir el cambio climático. El objetivo principal del acuerdo, conforme a la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático (CMNUCC), es mantener el aumento de la temperatura media mundial muy por debajo de los 2 °C con respecto a los niveles preindustriales, e intentar limitar el aumento a 1.5 °C. El acuerdo reconoce el papel fundamental de los bosques y de las acciones para detener y revertir la tasa de deforestación y degradación forestal en los países en desarrollo, que han aportado hasta el 20 % de las emisiones anuales de gases de efecto invernadero. Con el fn de ayudar a los países a efectuar estas acciones, el acuerdo incluye un marco de políticas e incentivos para reducir la deforestación y la degradación forestal, y aumentar el almacenamiento de carbono en los bosques mediante la conservación y el manejo sostenible. Este marco se conoce como REDD+.

Conserver les forêts pour lutter contre le changement climatique

En décembre 2015, avec la signature de l’Accord de Paris, les pays du monde entier se sont accordés sur une approche historique, collective et complète pour lutter contre le changement climatique. Le principal objectif de l’accord, sous la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur le changement climatique (CCNUCC) est de maintenir la montée de la température moyenne de par le monde bien en-deçà de 2oC au-dessus des niveaux préindustriels et d’essayer de limiter l’augmentation à 1,5oC. Au sein de cet accord se trouve la reconnaissance du rôle essentiel des forêts, y compris des actions visant à arrêter la déforestation et la dégradation de la forêt et à inverser leur rythme dans les pays en développement. La déforestation et la dégradation de la forêt contribuent jusqu’à hauteur de 20% aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Pour accompagner les pays dans ces actions, l’accord inclut un cadre de politiques et d’incitations pour la réduction de la déforestation et de la dégradation de la forêt, ainsi que l’augmentation des stocks de carbone dans les forêts par le biais de la conservation et d’une gestion durable. C’est ce que l’on appelle la REDD+.

REDD+ Integrado com mercados para atingir as metas do Acordo de Paris

Este artigo propõe uma arquitetura de mercado de carbono que inclua REDD+ integrado a outras atividades não-florestais, baseado em uma estratégia de proteção florestal, produção agropecuária e descarbonização de outros setores da economia – o “REDD+ Integrado”. O objetivo do REDD+ Integrado é de evitar os potenciais efeitos negativos que altos volumes de reduções de emissões de gases efeito estufa (GEE) a custos relativamente baixos poderiam ter em mercados, reduzindo preços e desestimulando outras atividades de redução e captura de GEE em andamento. Por outro lado, a não inclusão de iniciativas de REDD+ em mercados o cumprimento da NDC brasileira, e de outros países tropicais, será mais difícil e muito mais caro. Se bem administrada, no entanto, a inclusão de oferta de REDD+, a preços unitários mais baixos, permitirá a adoção de metas de redução mais ambiciosas envolvendo todos os setores da economia e um fluxo de recursos financeiros para proteção florestal em países tropicais. Por fim, para promover um desenvolvimento rural integrado, sugerimos estabelecer uma complementaridade entre os recursos captados pelo mecanismo de REDD+ destinados à proteção de florestas e os recursos destinados a assegurar a sustentabilidade na paisagem como um todo, ou seja, que considerem outras atividades de uso sustentável do solo tais como, reflorestamento, intensificação da pecuária e agricultura de baixo carbono.

Integrated REDD+ markets: a financial model to support forest protection, agricultural production and decarbonization efforts

This paper describes the design of a future global carbon market regime that includes REDD+ in its mix, by adopting separate but complementary markets to ensure that forest protection, land use production, and decarbonisation of other economic sectors occur in parallel – an integrated protection, production and decarbonization market – “Integraded REDD+”.¬ The objective of Integrated REDD+ markets is to avoid the potential negative impacts that large volumes of land-use GHG mitigation credits could have by reducing carbon prices to an extent that there would be no financial incentive for promoting investment in industrial improvements, energy efficiency, or renewable energy. At the same time, the inclusion of REDD+ in markets would ensure access to financial incentives to support tropical countries in their efforts related to forest protection and meeting their NDC targets. This could be even more impacting if investments into forest protection were complemented with investment into tackling the drivers of deforestation (predominantly intensification of agriculture to reduce pressure on land) and/or reforestation of sensitive areas. Finally, by including REDD+ in international markets would reduce the average cost of GHG abatement and enable countries/entities/sectors to adopt more ambitious targets.

Intégration des données de télédétection et d’observation au sol pour l’estimation des émissions et des absorptions de gaz à effet de serre dans les forêts: Méthodes et pratiques recommandées par l’Initiative mondiale pour l’observation des forêts, Versio

Le MGD vise à compléter les orientations du GIEC, les approches adoptées par le programme ONU-REDD, le programme américain Silvacarbon, le FCPF de la Banque mondiale et le cahier de référence GOFC-GOLD en fournissant des conseils basés sur l'expérience accumulée sur l'utilisation conjointe de télécommande Détection et données terrestres, spécifiques aux activités REDD +. Il s'agit de l'édition 2 de la MGD. Il met à jour l'édition 1 (publiée en janvier 2014), en tenant compte des développements récents, y compris des soumissions officielles de niveau de référence REDD + à la CCNUCC, des augmentations de la disponibilité des données et de nouvelles recherches.

Integración de las observaciones por teledetección y terrestres para estimar las emisiones y absorciones de gases de efecto invernadero en los bosques: Métodos y Orientación de la Iniciativa Mundial de Observación de los Bosques, Edición 2.0

El MGD pretende complementar las orientaciones del IPCC, los enfoques adoptados por el Programa ONU-REDD, el programa Silvacarbon de los Estados Unidos, el FCPF del Banco Mundial y el libro de fuentes GOFC-GOLD, proporcionando asesoramiento basado en la experiencia acumulada en el uso conjunto del control remoto Sensores y datos basados en tierra, específicos de las actividades de REDD +. Esta es la Edición 2 de la MGD. Se actualiza la Edición 1 (publicada en enero de 2014), teniendo en cuenta los desarrollos recientes incluyendo las presentaciones oficiales de nivel de referencia de REDD + a la CMNUCC, los aumentos en la disponibilidad de datos y las nuevas investigaciones.

Integrating remote-sensing and ground-based observations for estimation of emissions and removals of greenhouse gases in forests: Methods and Guidance from the Global Forest Observations Initiative. Edition 2.0.

The GFOI Methods and Guidance Document (MGD) aims to increase mutual understanding between REDD+ policy and technical experts and relevant science communities, to guide the collection of relevant forestry data related to REDD+, and to assist sharing of data and experiences. The MGD aims to complement the guidance from the IPCC, the approaches taken by the UN-REDD Programme, the US Silvacarbon programme, the World Bank FCPF and the GOFC-GOLD Sourcebook by providing advice based on the accumulated experience on the joint use of remote sensing and ground-based data, specific to REDD+ activities. This is Edition 2 of the MGD. It updates Edition 1 (published in January 2014), taking account of recent developments including official REDD+ reference level submissions to the UNFCCC, increases in data availability and new research.

REDDcompass

Progressively work through the key themes, concepts and actions of REDD+ National Forest Monitoring Systems (NFMS) for Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) gaining access to a suite of GFOI methods and guidance, space data resources, training materials and tools along the way.

Mapping REDD+: A visual guide to UNFCCC decisions

Mapping REDD+: A visual guide to UNFCCC decisions, an all-inclusive resource for REDD+ negotiators, practitioners, policy makers, and funders. REDD+ is ready for implementation, and a thorough understanding of relevant UNFCCC articles and decisions is needed to move forward and scale up action. In this comprehensive resource, we visually map the UNFCCC articles and decisions related to REDD+, and the connections between them, presenting all relevant decisions within one user-friendly document. The information is grouped into categories for easy reference regarding the subsets of REDD+ themes – such as finance, safeguards, and MRV – to ensure the highest levels of clarity and accessibility. The majority of the text is taken verbatim from official UNFCCC decisions, including citations, so readers can refer back to the original documents for additional context. Mapping REDD+ is a complete source of the relevant articles and decisions needed to make informed and UNFCCC-compliant decisions, for anyone working within the REDD+ framework, from planning, to finance, to implementation.

Best Practices and Considerations for the Development of REDD+ Country Approaches to Safeguards and Design of Safeguard Information Systems

Document developed by CLP and SNV (2016). This document aims to provide guidance and a systematic overview of the different processes and considerations that form the core of Country Approaches to Safeguards (CAS). The broader objective of this document is to provide a framework structure for REDD+ countries seeking to develop their own CAS to respond to the UNFCCC and other international REDD+ safeguard requirements.

Letter Of Intent (LOI)

Document which set the obligations for both parties, namely DRC and CAFI, in terms of milestones to be complied with by DRC and the necessary funding CAFI will have to provide for the implementation of the DRC National REDD+ Investment Plan

Lettre d'Intention (LOI)

Document qui détermine les obligations des deux parties, à savoir la RDC et l'Initiative pour les Forêts de l'Afrique Centrale (CAFI), en terme de jalons à atteindre pour la RDC et des financements à assurer par CAFI pour la mise en oeuvre du Plan d'investissement National REDD+

National REDD+ Investment Plan

Programatic framework translating the National REDD+ Strategy into sectoral activities and key reforms, with project files related to the pilars identified in the National REDD+ Strategy

Plan National d'Investissement REDD+

Cadre de programmation qui décline la mise en oeuvre de la Stratégie Nationale REDD+, en terme d'activités sectorielles, des politiques et des réformes clés, notamment avec des fiches projets qui sont présentés correspondant aux piliers de la Stratégie.

Stratégie Nationale REDD+ Appendices

Annexes au Document de la Stratégie Nationale REDD+

Stratégie Nationale REDD+

Document de référence qui identifie les moteurs directs et indirects de la déforestation et de la dégradation forestière. Il précise la vision du Gouvernement pour un développement économique et social du pays à faible carbone, à l’horizon 2035, centrée sur 7 piliers d’intervention stratégique, dont 3 piliers sectoriels (agriculture, énergie e forêt) et 4 piliers habilitants (gouvernance, aménagement de territoire, reforme foncière et démographie)

Info Brief: Summaries of Information: How to demonstrate REDD+ safeguards are being addressed and respected

This UN-REDD Programme info brief elaborates on UNFCCC guidance to achieve transparency, consistency, comprehensiveness and effectiveness when informing on how all the UNFCCC REDD+ safeguards, also known as the “Cancun safeguards”, are being addressed and respected. Drawing on key elements of and experiences from countries’ approaches to safeguards, the brief indicates possible content of summaries of safeguards information.

Technical Brief: Conceptual framework for country approaches to safeguards

Country approaches to safeguards have advanced in recent years and provide a strategic opportunity to build on existing governance arrangements and processes, with potential benefits beyond REDD+. Common elements of such approaches are emerging and are presented in this Technical Brief as a unified concept.

Conserving Forests to Combat Climate Change

In December 2015, the Paris Agreement recognized the critical role of forests in combating climate change. This recognition included actions to halt and reverse the rate of deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, which have contributed up to 20 percent of annual greenhouse gas emissions. To assist countries in these actions, the agreement includes a framework of policies and incentives for reducing deforestation and forest degradation and increasing carbon storage in forests through conservation and sustainable management. This is known as REDD+, a mechanism that has evolved over a decade of discussions, research, and negotiations to become a key piece of the newly adopted climate architecture. The aim of REDD+ is to halt and reverse forest cover and carbon loss in developing countries by helping countries shift to low-emissions development pathways by increasing the value of healthy forests relative to other land uses. Achieving and sustaining the objectives of REDD+ requires the transformation of economic activities within and outside of forests, often referred to as the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation. A solid understanding of REDD+ and the Paris Agreement is needed to accomplish these economic transformations and conserve forests as natural places, carbon stocks, and sustainable resources. This paper describes what REDD+ is, in a manner that is accessible to policy makers, scientists and civil society and in a form that is completely consistent with the UNFCCC decisions and agreements.

Jurisdictional Approaches to Zero Deforestation Commodities

Increasing numbers of governments, foundations, NGOs, and companies are looking to jurisdictional scale approaches as ways to help deliver sustainable and deforestation-free agricultural commodities. Jurisdictional approaches to zero-deforestation commodities (JA-ZDCs) lie at the intersection of three existing strategies to reduce forest loss and degradation, along with improving the health and sustainability of rural and frontier economies: landscape approaches, jurisdictional approaches, and voluntary corporate sustainability efforts. These three strategies are increasingly converging. This WWF discussion paper maps the current landscape of why, where, who, and how actors are approaching this convergence, based on more than twenty-five interviews with thought leaders in this space. We find that: - There are at least a few dozen examples of JA-ZDCs; however, most are relatively nascent in their development - These approaches take many different angles – including ’bottom-up‘ multi-stakeholder initiatives, global demand-side signals for commodities produced in reduced-deforestation jurisdictions, and place-based supply-side signals, e.g., in the form of jurisdictional certifications - Though there is a mix of enthusiasm and caution about the potential of JA-ZDCs, most interviewees view them as a challenging but promising development to help drive governments and commodity businesses (especially producers) to the table to establish shared goals and pathways to achieving them Key priorities looking forward will include continued experimentation, innovation, and knowledge sharing from early initiatives; increased opportunities for forest country governments to articulate specifically what they need from private sector actors to achieve sustainable development goals and climate targets; and increased technical work to identify how to scale and/or overlay farm- and plantation-level standards and progress in traceability with jurisdictional approaches that engage governments and incentivize land policy reform and/or implementation more broadly.

Lessons Learned and Recommendations from Early UNFCCC REDD+ Reference Levels Submissions

Produced in partnership with Environmental Defense Fund, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, The Nature Conservancy, and Union of Concerned Scientists, this paper presents lessons learned and best practice recommendations from an unprecedented workshop convening of two groups of experts: 1) those from REDD+ countries who were involved in creating FRLs/FRELs, and 2) those who had served as members of the Technical Team of Experts performing technical analysis of REDD+ results. Forest Reference Levels/Forest Reference Emissions Levels (FRLs/FRELs) are critical to the policy framework for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+), and provide the benchmark against which countries measure their results from REDD+ implementation. FRLs/FRELs are still incipient, and REDD+ countries and technical assessors are still in a learning-by-doing process, generating valuable lessons that are worth sharing.

EFISCEN: European Forest Information scenario Model

The European Forest Information SCENario Model (EFISCEN) is a large-scale forest model that projects forest resource development on regional to national scales. The model is suitable for the contemporary and future projection of forest resource and carbon balance of forest biomass and soils for a period of 50 to 60 years. The model uses national forest inventory data as a main source of input to describe the current structure and composition of forest resources. EFISCEN provides data on basic forest inventory data (species, area, stemwood volume, increment, mortality, age-structure), but the model includes multiple indicators related to important forest ecosystem services (carbon sequestration, biodiversity, recreation, wind and fire risk), enabling the assessment of impacts of different policy and management strategies at the national and European level. EFISCEN has been developed by both Alterra and European Forest Institute.

Forests, climate change, and equity in Viet Nam: REDD+ equity challenges and solutions according to national stakeholders

Equity has featured prominently in international climate change discussions since the establishment of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. Looking forward, equity is expected to be of even greater relevance in this year’s hoped for landmark climate agreement, to be finalized at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) remains a focal point of global debate at the intersection of forest and climate change policy. While the exact financing mechanism for REDD+ has yet to be determined, it is clear that demonstrating equity will be an essential part of accessing REDD+ payments and financing in the future. At the national level, Viet Nam recognizes the importance of equity for ensuring an effective REDD+ framework. Therefore, this brief is designed to present key REDD+ equity challenges, as identified by national policy makers and stakeholders in Viet Nam, and potential solutions to address those challenges. By highlighting national equity priorities identified during a workshop held in advance of COP21, we aim to ensure that future capacity development efforts are directed where there is the greatest need and national buy-in. The priority equity issues identified in Viet Nam include: tenure and resource rights, access to information, and benefit sharing.

Forests, climate change, and equity in Lao PDR: REDD+ equity challenges and solutions according to national stakeholders

Equity has featured prominently in international climate change discourse since the establishment of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. Looking forward, equity is expected to be of even greater relevance in this year’s hoped for landmark climate agreement, to be finalized at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) remains central in global conversations at the intersection of forest and climate change policy. While the exact financing mechanism for REDD+ has yet to be determined, it is clear that demonstrating equity will be essential for accessing REDD+ financing in the future. Lao PDR recognizes the importance of equity for ensuring an effective REDD+ framework. Therefore, this brief is designed to present key REDD+ equity challenges as identified by national policy makers and other stakeholders in Lao PDR and potential solutions to address those challenges. By highlighting national equity priorities identified during a workshop held in advance of COP21, we aim to ensure that future capacity development efforts are directed where there is the greatest need and national buy-in. Priority equity issues identified in Lao PDR include: benefit sharing, participation and decision making, and livelihoods.

Forests, climate change, and equity in Cambodia: REDD+ equity challenges and solutions according to national stakeholders

Equity has featured prominently in international climate change discourse since the establishment of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. Looking forward, equity is expected to be of even greater relevance in this year’s hoped for landmark climate agreement, to be finalized at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) remains a focal point of global debate at the intersection of forest and climate change policy. While the exact financing mechanism for REDD+ has yet to be determined, it is clear that demonstrating equity will be an essential part of accessing REDD+ payments and financing in the future. At the national level, Cambodia recognizes the importance of equity for ensuring an effective REDD+ framework. Therefore, this brief is designed to present key REDD+ equity challenges as identified by national policy makers and other stakeholders in Cambodia and potential solutions to address those challenges. By highlighting national equity priorities identified during a workshop held in advance of COP21, we aim to ensure that future capacity development efforts are directed where there is the greatest need and national buy-in. Priority REDD+ and forest governance equity elements identified in Cambodia include: participation and decision-making, governance and regulations, and access to information.

Equity in forests and REDD+: An analysis of equity challenges as viewed by forestry decision-makers and practitioners in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam

Considerable debate has developed in recent years over the potential of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) to either rectify or exacerbate social inequities in tropical forest countries. Despite agreement on the importance of equity issues in REDD+, few studies have considered differences in equity and equitable outcomes as understood at national and local levels, and related contextspecific barriers that frustrate the achievement of equitable outcomes. This paper surveys perceptions of REDD+ related challenges to equity and potential solutions of forestry decision-makers and practitioners in three Mekong countries.

Listening to the Forest in Panama. UN-REDD Programme Active Listening Process - Women’s Channel

Spanish with English Sub-titles: During 2014 and 2015 Panama carried out an “active listening” process with key stakeholders on the situation of the forest and the challenges to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation looking at the participatory construction of Panama’s National REDD+ Strategy. The dialogue included several key stakeholder groups; including a specific channel for women. This video shows the voices and opinions of women from indigenous, afro-descendant and campesino communities of Panama.

Ecuador: Successfully positioned to implement its REDD+ Action Plan

With its REDD+ readiness capacities now in place, Ecuador is now positioned to implement its REDD+ Action Plan, which is built on the country’s commitment to fight climate change and promote sustainable rural development. Through the implementation of this plan, Ecuador will demonstrate its emissions reductions from deforestation and gain access to results-based payments.

Série de Ressources Techniques: Considérations d’ordre pratique sur la conception des systèmes d’information sur les garanties REDD+

Cette ressource technique – la première d'une nouvelle série de publications techniques consacrées à l'information pratique en matière de conception de systèmes de sauvegarde des données (SSD) conformes aux exigences de la CCNUCC – traite des questions suivantes: Qu'est-ce qu'un SSD? Comment concevoir un SSD? Quel est le coût de la mise en place et de l'exploitation d'un SSD?

Practical Experiences of LAC towards the Implementation of REDD+

The exchange outlined in this report provided a framework for strengthening South-South cooperation in the Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) region. The meeting served to clarify the links between the four pillars, and was also helpful for identifying opportunities to enhance coordination and consistency in the REDD+ preparatory processes at the national level while also promoting joint discussion with a view to studying possible solutions.

Women’s Inclusion in REDD+ in The Philippines Lessons from Good Practices in Forest, and Other Natural Resources Management Sectors

This study is a part of the Joint Initiative of the USAID-funded LEAF Project, WOCAN, and the UN-REDD Programme to investigate practical entry points for women’s inclusion in Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) policies and practices. It explores the current status and implementation of policies and practices related to gender equality in forestry and other natural resource management sectors in the Philippines, and their relation to REDD+ initiatives. An effort was made to identify the elements that prevent the inclusion of women in REDD+ in the Philippines, as well as the factors that enable their inclusion in policies and practices. Given the emerging and unfolding state of REDD+, an exploration of gender issues in REDD+ was tied to the overall status of women’s inclusion in the broader NRM sector. Data for this study was collected using desk reviews, key-informant interviews and field site interactions at Atimonan, Quezon. The early findings were then presented through a national dialogue for further discussion and validation, which led to identification of practical entry points and key recommendations for improving effectiveness of natural resource management and REDD+ through greater inclusion of women in forest policies and programs.

Women’s Inclusion in REDD+ in Cambodia Lessons from Good Practices in Forest, Agriculture and Other Natural Resources Management Sectors

The study is a part of the Joint Initiative of WOCAN, the UN-REDD Programme and USAID-funded LEAF Project to investigate practical entry points for women’s inclusion in Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) policies and practices. It aims to explore the current status and effectiveness of policies and practices related to gender integration in forestry, REDD+ and other natural resources management sectors in Cambodia. It analyses the current policies and practices, identifies the gaps between policies and practices, determines the factors that enable the inclusion of women in the policies and practices and identifies elements that prevent inclusion and effective implementation.

Scoping Study of Good Practices for Strengthening Women’s Inclusion in Forest and Other Natural Resource Management Sectors

This scoping report examine\'s the diversity of good practices within the forest and other land-use sectors on women’s inclusion, with a view to draw out key enabling conditions that have facilitated women to participate and benefit from policies, institutions and practices −both formal and informal at all levels.

BOLETÍN DE POLÍTICAS: Incentivos fiscales a la producción agrícola: opciones para forjar una compatibilidad con REDD+

Este Boletín de políticas describe opciones para forjar una compatibilidad entre los incentivos fiscales a la producción agrícola y REDD+.

Policy Brief: Fiscal incentives for agricultural commodity production: Options to forge compatibility with REDD+

This Policy Brief outlines options for forging compatibility between fiscal incentives for agricultural commodity production and REDD+.

Enfoques a nivel de pais sobre las salvaguardas

Breve resumen introductorio de un marco conceptual para enfoques nacionales a las salvaguardias de REDD+.

Les approches pays en matiere de garanties

Brève introduction présentant un cadre conceptuel pour les approches par pays des sauvegardes REDD+.

Nota informativa: Enfoque nacionale de salvaguardas: Experiencias iniciales y lecciones emergentes

Nota informativa del Programa ONU-REDD en la que se resumen las conclusiones de la publicación completa de recursos técnicos sobre los enfoques nacionales de salvaguardias. En este análisis se sintetizan los últimos conocimientos sobre enfoques nacionales respecto a las salvaguardias de REDD+, con el objetivo principal de facilitar el intercambio de información entre países de REDD+. Las conclusiones de este análisis general inicial están basadas en un proceso consultivo en el que participaron diversos países que han logrado avances en sus enfoques nacionales de salvaguardias. (El documento completo de recursos técnicos correspondiente está disponible en línea en http://www.unredd.net/index.php?option=com_docman&view=list&slug=technical-resources-series&Itemid=134)

Note d'Information: Les approches nationales en matière de garanties : Expériences initiales et leçons émergentes

Note d'information du Programme ONU-REDD résumant les conclusions de la publication technique intégrale sur les approches par pays en matière de sauvegardes. Cette ressource offre une synthèse des connaissances les plus récentes sur les approches par pays en matière de sauvegardes REDD+, avec pour objectif principal de faciliter l'échange d\'informations entre pays REDD+. Les conclusions de cette première étude mondiale intègrent les résultats d'une consultation réalisée auprès de plusieurs pays ayant chacun enregistré des progrès en matière de sauvegardes. (La version intégrale du document correspondant à cette ressource technique est disponible en ligne à l\'adresse http://www.unredd.net/index.php?option=com_docman&view=list&slug=technical-resources-series&Itemid=134)

Guidance Note on Gender Sensitive REDD+

This note has been prepared as a guide for those involved in REDD+ efforts at the local, national, regional or global level. The overall objective is to promote gender sensitive REDD+ processes and to support UN-REDD partner countries and stakeholders in the preparation, development and implementation of gender sensitive REDD+ strategies.

Business Case for Mainstreaming Gender in REDD+

Promoting a human rights-based approach to development requires UN-REDD partner institutions to ensure that their support for REDD+ promotes good practices and does not perpetuate or exacerbate existing inequalities between women and men. Toward this end, “the Business case for Mainstreaming Gender in REDD+” demonstrates why the unique role of women in protecting and managing forests— and ensuring their equal access to resources—is an important component for a more equitable, effective and efficient REDD+. Through this effort we hope to establish a greater base of evidence that will help policy-makers, practitioners and others understand the critical influence that gender-differentiated needs, uses and knowledge have on REDD+ policy and programming on the ground.

Info Brief: Banking on REDD+: Can bank and investor risk policies on soft commodities benefit REDD+?

This Info Brief assesses whether and how soft commodity risk policies by banks and investors could potentially benefit UN-REDD countries to achieve REDD+ results based on an analysis of risk policies from a range of financial institutions. This brief has been produced in parallel with a report by UNEP (2015) titled ‘Bank and Investor Risk Policies on Soft Commodities\' that approaches the same topic from the angle of the financial industry, providing greater clarity what criteria banks and investors can adopt in risk policies to reduce the probability of clients having significant impacts on (tropical) forest ecosystems from soy, palm oil and beef production.

REDD+ Academy Learning Journals

This comprehensive REDD+ learning resource addresses 12 key topics in REDD+: Forest, Carbon Sequestration and Climate Change; Understanding REDD+ and the UNFCCC; Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation; National Strategies and Action Plans; National Forest Monitoring Systems; Forest Reference Emission Levels; Policies and Measures for REDD+ Implementation; REDD+ Safeguards; REDD+ Finance; Approaches for Allocation of Incentives; Stakeholder Engagement; Good Governance.

Country Approaches to Safeguards Tool (CAST)

The Country Approach to Safeguards Tool (CAST) provides countries with an Excel-based, interactive tool to plan and review the development of their approaches to REDD+ safeguards. CAST is designed to be voluntarily applied by REDD+ countries in order to support their planning efforts for activities related to safeguards and SIS, carried out in response to the relevant UNFCCC decisions.

Benefit and Risk Tool (BeRT)

The Benefits and Risks Tool (BeRT) supports REDD+ countries to: a) assess the social and environmental risks and benefits associated with potential REDD+ actions (also known as candidate Policies and Measures, PAMs) and b) analyse how existing policies, laws and regulations (PLRs) address the Cancun safeguards.

Informe Técnico: Sistemas de Información de Salvaguardas (SIS): Consideraciones prácticas de diseño

Informe técnico en el que se resume la publicación completa de recursos técnicos relativa a las consideraciones prácticas de diseño de los SIS, disponible aquí: http://www.unredd.net/index.php?option=com_docman&view=list&slug=technical-resources-series&Itemid=134

Country Approaches to Safeguards Flyer

Concise introductory summary of a conceptual framework for country approaches to REDD+ safeguards.

Country Approaches to REDD+ Safeguards: A Global Review of Initial Experiences and Emerging Lessons

This technical resource publication presents an initial global overview of country perspectives, experiences and lessons learned that may be used to inform better safeguards processes and practices in the future.

Sistemas de información de las salvaguardas de REDD+: consideraciones prácticas de diseño

Este recurso técnico, el primero de una nueva serie de publicaciones de recursos técnicos, contiene consideraciones prácticas de diseño para los sistemas de información sobre salvaguardias (SIS) en armonía con las necesidades de la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático (CMNUCC) y aborda las siguientes cuestiones: ¿Cómo es un SIS? ¿Cómo empiezo a diseñar uno? ¿Cuánto costará crearlo y mantenerlo en funcionamiento?

Women’s Inclusion in REDD+ in Sri Lanka Lessons from Good Practices in Forest, Agriculture and Other Natural Resources Management Sectors

The study is a part of the Joint Initiative of WOCAN, the UN-REDD Programme and USAID-funded LEAF Project to investigate practical entry points for women’s inclusion in Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) policies and practices. It explores the current status of policies and practices related to gender integration in forestry and other natural resource management sectors in Sri Lanka, and their relation to REDD+ initiatives. It briefly analyses the current policies and practices, indicating the gaps between policies and practice. An effort is being made to identify the elements that prevent the inclusion of women in REDD+ in Sri Lanka, as well as the factors that enable their inclusion in policies and practices.

REDD+ Finance Flows 2009-2014: Trends and Lessons Learned in REDDX Countries

The study follows the money trail in 13 countries that account for 65 percent of the globe’s tropical forest cover under the U.N.’s REDD+ initiative. The research by Forest Trends’ REDDX (REDD eXpenditures) initiative covers six years from 2009 to 2014. It tracks more than $6 billion of the nearly $10 billion that has been committed or pledged to REDD+ programs globally. Key findings of the new report show that of the $3.7 billion committed, 60 percent or $2.2 billion came directly from individual donor countries. Norway, the largest donor by far, has contributed nearly half of all those funds; Germany, Japan and the United States committed a combined total of $730 million; and the U.K., Australia and France contributed most of the remainder. The private sector contributed 10 percent of all REDD+ finance commitments tracked in these 13 countries. Brazil and Indonesia together received nearly two-thirds of all funding pledged or committed. The big winner that has received the most money thus far is Brazil’s Amazon Fund, which had received $867 million from Norway by the end of 2014. Payments of promised funds have grown steadily, with 62 percent of all committed funds paid out by the end of 2014. Most of the money has gone directly to government agencies, with small amounts supporting the work of international organizations. The percentage of payments paid out to participating countries varies dramatically, from Brazil, which has received 91 percent of its promised funding, to Mexico, which has gotten only 5 percent of the money pledged to it.

INDC Analysis: An Overview of the Forest Sector

Current commitments to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions fall far short of what is needed to prevent dangerous levels of climate change. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) submitted by countries to date would likely result in a catastrophic global average temperature rise of 3-3.5°C, even if all conditional targets were met. But more ambitious action to protect forests and restore degraded lands could go a long way towards closing the gap between current proposals and what science says is needed. WWF’s report INDC Analysis: An Overview of the Forest Sector looks at the plans countries have laid out for reducing emissions from forest loss, and identifies opportunities for forest countries and donors to make a bigger contribution. The report analyses the INDCs submitted by 75 developing countries or emerging economies which account for the vast majority of tropical forest cover. “While the proposed measures vary widely, overall countries recognize the vital importance of the forest sector within their INDCs,” said Josefina Brana-Varela, head of policy for WWF’s Forest and Climate Programme. “But to realize the full global mitigation potential, many countries still need to clarify and strengthen their intended forest sector contributions.” Of the INDCs analysed, over half establish one or more concrete goals in the forest sector. These include targets for afforestation, reforestation and restoration; to maintain and/or increase forest cover; for sustainable forest management; and to increase the uptake of improved cook stoves, which use less firewood. The review highlights a number of ways to augment the role that various forest conservation and restoration actions can play in reducing the emissions gap. These actions can also help countries adapt to climate change and achieve wider sustainable development goals. “Forested developing countries should include clear, comprehensive mitigation targets and transparent financial needs in their INDCs,” added Brana-Varela. “This will help forge partnerships with potential donors, and enable them to make a major contribution to closing the emissions gap.”

Forest Reference Level Submissions under REDD+

EDF, TNC, UCS, and WWF’s report Forest Reference Level Submissions under REDD+: An Analysis of Submission Trends, Leading Practices, and Areas for Improvement examines the first six FRLs to be submitted to the UN – by Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Malaysia and Mexico. It provides an overview of the different approaches these countries have taken to developing their FRLs. It examines some of the shared trends, in order to identify good practices, areas for improvement and lessons learnt. And it examines how effectively they can contribute to delivering real emissions reductions.

PROYECTO DE DOCUMENTO DE EXPECTATIVAS DE LA COP 21 DE PARÍS

La Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático de 2015 (COP21) es un momento fundamental. Los gobiernos han fijado diciembre de 2015 como plazo para ponerse de acuerdo sobre un nuevo régimen climático para después de 2020.

PROJET DE DOCUMENT SUR LES ATTENTES DE LA COP 21 DE PARIS

La conférence de l’ONU sur le changement climatique de 2015 qui se tiendra à Paris (COP21) est un moment charnière. Les États se sont fixé comme date limite décembre 2015 pour s’accorder sur un nouveau régime climat pour la période après 2020.

Expectations Paper COP21 Paris

The 2015 UN climate change conference in Paris (COP21) is a pivotal moment. Governments have set December 2015 as the deadline to agree on a new climate regime for 2020 onwards. This deal must give the world a fighting chance to avoid dangerous global temperature rises. Such an agreement needs to be fair, ambitious, and transformational. At the same time, COP21 provides an opportunity to showcase efforts that countries, the private sector, and civil society are making to combat climate change – and to accelerate and scale up these actions.

The Implementation of the Warsaw Framework for REDD+ by Brazil

This is the complete version of the publication. It provides details about the Warsaw Framework for REDD+ and the process that Brazil went through as the first developing country to go through its implementation. All the submissions made by Brazil to the UNFCCC are available on this publication, as well as the reports from the technical assessments by UNFCCCC LULUCF experts that verified Brazil\'s REDD+ results. This is an important and useful resource for south-south cooperation on REDD+.

Forest monitoring and assessment

FAO's programme dedicated to assisting countries in developing national forest monitoring systems and assessments with the objective of providing reliable forest resource information for national forest policy development, planning and sustainable management.

EXPECTATIVAS PARA REDD+: CMNUCC-COP20, LIMA, PERÚ DICIEMBRE 2014

WWF hace un llamado a los líderes mundiales que participarán de la Vigésima Conferencia de las Partes dela Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre Cambio Climático (CMNUCC-COP 20) para incluir el mecanismo REDD+ (Reducción de Emisiones por Deforestación y Degradación de los bosques) dentro de una arquitectura climática mucho más amplia, con el fin de abordar los temas técnicos pendientes para REDD+ que aún se encuentran en debate ante el Órgano Subsidiario de Asesoramiento Científico y Tecnológico (SBSTA, por sus siglas en inglés).

ATTENTES POUR LA REDD+ : CCNUCC-COP20, LIMA, PÉROU DÉCEMBRE 2014

Le WWF appelle toutes les Parties à la 20e Conférence des Parties à la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur le changement climatique (CCNUCC-COP20) à intégrer la REDD+ au sein de l’architecture plus large du climat et à aborder les questions techniques qui restent en suspens pour la REDD+ et qui font toujours l’objet d’une discussion dans le cadre du processus de l’Organe subsidiaire de conseil scientifique et technique (SBSTA).

Expectations for REDD+: UNFCCC-COP20, Lima, Peru December 2014

WWF calls on Parties to the 20th Conference of the Parties to\\r\\nthe United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change\\r\\n(UNFCCC-COP 20) to integrate REDD+ within the broader climate\\r\\narchitecture and address technical issues for REDD+ still under\\r\\ndiscussion under the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technical\\r\\nAssistance (SBSTA).

Conceitualização e Desenvolvimento do Sistema de Informação sobre as Salvaguardas de Cancun para Implementação de REDD+ no Brasil

No contexto da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (UNFCCC, na sigla em inglês), as salvaguardas de Cancun foram acordadas pelas Partes como diretrizes que visam potencializar os impactos positivos e reduzir os impactos negativos relacionados à REDD+. REDD+ é um instrumento voluntário que provê incentivos através de pagamentos pelos resultados de mitigação no setor florestal por parte de países em desenvolvimento. O cumprimento dos requisitos definidos sob a UNFCCC (incluindo a submissão do sumário de informações e o estabelecimento de um sistema de informação sobre as salvaguardas de Cancun) condiciona o recebimento dos pagamentos por resultados. As informações sobre a implementação das salvaguardas de Cancun pelo Brasil serão disponibilizadas no Sistema de Informações sobre as Salvaguardas de REDD+ (SISREDD+). O SISREDD+ visa atender às necessidades de ampliação do controle social sobre o desenvolvimento de atividades de REDD+ no Brasil, servindo como referência, ao oferecer informação qualificada e coordenada com outras iniciativas. Esse sistema encontra-se ainda em fase de conceitualização, e seu desenvolvimento pelo Brasil se dará através de discussões com a sociedade, especialistas e partes interessadas.

O nível de referência de emissões florestais do Brasil para pagamentos por resultados de redução de emissões provenientes do desmatamento no bioma Amazônia

O Brasil é responsável por expressivos resultados de redução de emissões de CO 2 provenientes do desmatamento no bioma Amazônia. ™ A formalização das ações nacionais de redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa provenientes do desmatamento e degradação florestal, incluindo o papel da conservação florestal, do manejo sustentável de florestas e do aumento dos estoques de carbono florestal (REDD+) é um requisito para o reconhecimento dos resultados alcançados no âmbito da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (UNFCCC). ™ O nível de referência de emissões florestais (FREL) é o referencial a partir do qual o resultado das ações de REDD+ é medido. ™ A submissão do FREL por países em desenvolvimento é voluntária, sendo, porém, um dos requisitos de elegibilidade para o recebimento de pagamentos por desempenho. O Brasil foi o primeiro país a submeter um FREL para avaliação de especialistas indicados pela UNFCCC em junho de 2014, dando início à implementação do Marco de Varsóvia para REDD+. O FREL submetido pelo Brasil passou por rigoroso processo de avaliação no âmbito da UNFCCC entre agosto e novembro de 2014. Esse processo facilitativo, contribuiu para dar maior transparência à submissão e identificou também áreas onde o Brasil poderia priorizar seus esforços de desenvolvimento técnico. O Brasil espera que mais países em desenvolvimento submetam seus FRELs e que países desenvolvidos se comprometam com o pagamento por resultados, para garantir a efetiva contribuição de REDD+ para a mitigação da mudança global do clima.

REDD+ na Convencao Quadro das Nacoes Unidas sobre Mudanca do Clima (UNFCCC)

Em 2013, a assinatura do denominado Marco de Varsóvia para REDD+ (the Warsaw Framework for REDD+) cria, sob a Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (UNFCCC), uma arquitetura internacional destinada a prover incentivos financeiros a atividades REDD+. O Marco de Varsóvia para REDD+ estabelece os requisitos para o reconhecimento de resultados de mitigação da perda florestal nos países em desenvolvimento, bem como as maneiras pelas quais eles poderão obter pagamentos por resultados. Para receberem o pagamento por resultado, os países em desenvolvimento devem submeter seus níveis de referência de emissões florestais à avaliação de especialistas internacionais selecionados pela UNFCCC. Será estruturado um portal de informação (information hub) da plataforma de REDD+ da UNFCCC (d ecisão 9/ CP.19). O portal divulgará: resultados em toneladas de gás carbônico equivalente e link para os relatórios finais das análises do anexo técnico; os níveis de referência avaliados e link para os relatórios do time de avaliação; relatórios resumidos sobre o cumprimento das salvaguardas de Cancun; link para Estratégia Nacional para REDD+ e informação sobre o sistema nacional de monitoramento conforme Anexo Técnico.

REDD+ e povos indígenas

Povos indígenas estão entre os atores mais atingidos por efeitos indiretos da mudança do clima, tais como secas prolongadas, incêndios florestais, pragas e doenças. Além disso, o desmatamento em terras indígenas é menor do que em áreas com outros usos em uma mesma região, possuindo assim papel estratégico nas ações de REDD+. Troca de visões e experiências sobre REDD+ e sua interface com relação às políticas indígenas e indigenistas são de extrema importância para um delineamento eficiente de ações e garantia de seus co-benefícios. A Política Nacional de Gestão Territorial e Ambiental de Terras Indígenas (PNGATI) figura como importante marco legal para promover a proteção de recursos renováveis em terras indígenas, garantindo a qualidade de vida de suas populações.

Salvaguardas de REDD+

De modo inédito, a Convenção Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudanças do Clima (UNFCCC, em inglês) adotou, em sua decisão 1/CP.16, um conjunto de sete salvaguardas voltadas a REDD+ a serem adotadas e respeitadas pelos países, de modo a abordar os impactos diretos e indiretos, positivos e negativos de ações de REDD+. No Brasil, já existem ações e iniciativas no sentido de garantir e promover as salvaguardas de REDD+ e o país emprega esforços para constituir um sistema nacional de informação sobre como as salvaguardas serão tratadas e respeitadas, levando em conta as bases de dados já existentes.

Florestas tropicais, mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas

Os países estão buscando formas efetivas de redução da pressão humana que resulta em emissões de gases de efeito estufa, incluindo ações para controlar o desmatamento. \\r\\nHá convergência entre nações quanto a um objetivo comum: retardar, deter e reverter a perda de cobertura florestal e estoques de \\r\\ncarbono associados, considerando as circunstâncias nacionais.

The Implementation of the Warsaw Framework for REDD+ by Brazil

Brazil was the first country to submit a forest reference emission level for results based payments to the UNFCCC. This submission has triggered the implementation of the Warsaw Framework for REDD+.

Compromisos forestales de Chile para enfrentar el cambio climático y consideraciones generales para la transferencia de derechos de carbono

Biodiversity safeguards workshop provisional agenda

Improving grassroots equity in forests and climate change context: A training manual

Equity in climate change and REDD+: A handbook for grassroots facilitators

Equity in climate change and REDD+: A handbook for grassroots facilitators

Equity in climate change and REDD+: A handbook for grassroots facilitators

Equity in climate change and REDD+: A handbook for grassroots facilitators

Equity in climate change and REDD+: A handbook for grassroots facilitators

Improving grassroots equity in forests and climate change context: A training manual

A Fair Climate: Gender Equity in Forestry and REDD+ (video)

A Fair Climate: Gender Equity in Forestry and REDD+ (video)

A Fair Climate: Gender Equity in Forestry and REDD+ (video)

A Fair Climate: Gender Equity in Forestry and REDD+ (video)

A Fair Climate: Gender Equity in Forestry and REDD+ (video)

Video discussion guide for all languages

Forests and Climate Change after Lima: An Asia-Pacific Perspective

Technical considerations for Forest Reference Emission Level and/or Forest Reference Level construction for REDD+ under the UNFCCC

The aim of this document is to support countries seeking to develop a REDD+ Forest Reference Emission Level and/or Forest Reference Level (FREL/FRL) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The document provides a structural overview of UNFCCC decisions related to FREL/FRLs, summarizing the guidance provided through these decisions and translating it into elements countries need to consider in a FREL/FRL submission to the UNFCCC.

Considérations techniques relatives à l’établissement de niveaux d’émissions de référence pour les forêts et/ou niveaux de référence pour les forêts dans le contexte de la REDD+ au titre de la CCNUCC

Consideraciones técnicas para la elaboración de Niveles de referencia de emisiones forestales/Niveles de referencia forestales en el marco de la CMNUCC

Decisiones de REDD+ en la CoP19: Alcances en la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile

Elementos relevantes sobre adaptación en el desarrollo e implementación de la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales de Chile (ENCCRV)

Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV): Planteamientos iniciales sobre los derechos del carbono forestal en Chile

Sistemas destandarización, certificación y orientaciones metodológicas con alcance en la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático y Recursos Vegetacionales (ENCCRV) de Chile

About the EU REDD Facility

The EU REDD Facility was established in 2010, and is hosted by the European Forest Institute (EFI). It supports partner countries in improving land use governance as part of their effort to slow, halt and reverse deforestation. The EU REDD Facility also supports the overall EU effort to reduce its impact on deforestation in developing countries. It provides flexible and demand-based expertise to partner countries as well as to the EU and international forums on REDD+. Addressing land use governance challenges, key to successful REDD+ and FLEGT implementation, is at the core of the EU REDD Facility\'s approach. This includes field testing innovative and solution-oriented approaches to contribute to partner countries\' national processes and to inform EU and global policy development.

Comment concilier développement agricole et forestier en Côte d’Ivoire, et à quel coût?

Linking FLEGT and REDD+

South-South cooperation opportunities for tropical forest countries on REDD+ and forest governance. A case study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Brazil.

Working with the private sector on REDD+

Early Lessons from Jurisdictional REDD+ and Low Emissions Development Programs

The report features eight REDD+/LED programs worldwide designed to reduce forest-related emissions, and will serve as a resource for practitioners, forest country governments, donors and others working to advance jurisdictional models at a large landscape scale.

Sourcebook on Monitoring Biodiversity for REDD+

The Sourcebook published by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) in collaboration with the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH seeks to bring clarity to the challenge of monitoring biodiversity for REDD+ while acknowledging the need to avoid adding further complexity. The Sourcebook emphasises a phased approach to monitoring based on availability of resources, and highlights that monitoring biodiversity as part of REDD+ can help countries to achieve both their biodiversity and climate commitments more cost-effectively. Contributing to the goal of achieving multiple benefits through REDD+, the Sourcebook seeks to answer three key questions: Why monitor biodiversity for REDD+? What to monitor? How to monitor? Drawing on the literature and contributions from a wide range of experts, the Sourcebook provides a simple framework for answering these questions. Summaries of key monitoring methods are presented with best practice guidance and practical case studies drawn from REDD+ and forest projects around the world.

Sourcebook on Monitoring Biodiversity for REDD+

The Sourcebook published by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) in collaboration with the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH seeks to bring clarity to the challenge of monitoring biodiversity for REDD+ while acknowledging the need to avoid adding further complexity. The Sourcebook emphasises a phased approach to monitoring based on availability of resources, and highlights that monitoring biodiversity as part of REDD+ can help countries to achieve both their biodiversity and climate commitments more cost-effectively. Contributing to the goal of achieving multiple benefits through REDD+, the Sourcebook seeks to answer three key questions: Why monitor biodiversity for REDD+? What to monitor? How to monitor? Drawing on the literature and contributions from a wide range of experts, the Sourcebook provides a simple framework for answering these questions. Summaries of key monitoring methods are presented with best practice guidance and practical case studies drawn from REDD+ and forest projects around the world.

Nested governance for effective REDD+: institutional and political arguments

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation and Forest Enhancement (REDD+) has become a central focus of global climate change mitigation efforts. Even though the international demand for forest-based carbon sequestration is the key driver of REDD+, forest protection strategies must be implemented on the ground. This cross-scale nature of REDD+ explains why scholars and policy makers increasingly favor nested governance arrangements over either fully centralized or fully decentralized REDD+ governance.

Emerging approaches to Forest Reference Emission Levels and/or Forest Reference Levels for REDD+

This publication summarizes Forest Reference Level construction approaches developed by Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, the DRC, Ghana, Guyana, Mexico, Nepal, the RoC and Vietnam; the publication hopes other countries can learn from and get inspired by these pilots in FRL development. The FRLs in the publication are developed for demonstration activities but the Annex to the document also reports on UNFCCC submissions (Publication is intended to be updated with future submissions).

My Guide - Know Your Rights Related to REDD+: A guide for indigenous and community leaders

The Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) has produced two complementary tools - ForestDefender and My Guide - that are geared towards safeguarding forests and sustainable livelihoods. These tools apply CIEL\'s "rights-based approach," which integrates respect for human rights into laws and policies. CIEL created these resources in response to specific requests from partners, local community members, indigenous peoples. They help translate relevant international law to the national level and empower lawyers, activists, and community leaders to defend their rights and their forests.

Conozca sus Derechos Frente a REDD+ Una guía para líderes de comunidades locales y pueblos indígenas

The Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) has produced two complementary tools - ForestDefender and My Guide - that are geared towards safeguarding forests and sustainable livelihoods. These tools apply CIEL\'s "rights-based approach," which integrates respect for human rights into laws and policies. CIEL created these resources in response to specific requests from partners, local community members, indigenous peoples. They help translate relevant international law to the national level and empower lawyers, activists, and community leaders to defend their rights and their forests.

ForestDefender

The Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) has produced two complementary tools - ForestDefender and My Guide - that are geared towards safeguarding forests and sustainable livelihoods. These tools apply CIEL\'s "rights-based approach," which integrates respect for human rights into laws and policies. CIEL created these resources in response to specific requests from partners, local community members, indigenous peoples. They help translate relevant international law to the national level and empower lawyers, activists, and community leaders to defend their rights and their forests. ForestDefender ForestDefender is a legal database that provides a snapshot of international human rights and obligations relevant to REDD+. It captures the large amount of information found from various sources and presents it in a way that is easily accessible to and usable by lawyers, activists and community members alike.

Methodological guidance for non-market-based approaches and methodological issues related to non-carbon benefits resulting from the implementation of REDD-plus

The commodity crunch: value at risk from deforestation. CDP Global Forests Report 2013.

CDP\'s forests program addresses the main driver of deforestation: land use change for agriculture. It works on behalf of investors by assisting companies in understanding and addressing their exposure to deforestation risks. Companies report on their use of the five agricultural commodities responsible for most deforestation globally – timber products, palm oil, soy, cattle products & biofuels. CDP’s forests pages contain more information.

REDD+ Benefit Sharing Dialogue United States 23-24 March 2013 - Washington D.C. United States Co-chair's Summary

REDD+ Benefit Sharing Dialogue United States 23-24 March 2013 - Washington D.C. United States Background Paper

Climate Change, Forests, and You

Forests and Climate Change after Doha: An Asia-Pacific Perspective

Free, Prior, and Informed Consent in REDD+: Principles and Approaches for Policy and Project Development

An Operational Framework for Defining and Monitoring Forest Degradation

Thompson, I. D., M. R. Guariguata, K. Okabe, C. Bahamondez, R. Nasi, V. Heymell, and C. Sabogal. 2013. An operational framework for defining and monitoring forest degradation. Ecology and Society 18(2): 20.

The REDD+ Energy and Agriculture Programme

General Overview on Co-benefits of REDD+ implementation

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF)

The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), which became operational in June 2008, is a global partnership focused on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, forest carbon stock conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+). The FCPF complements the UNFCCC negotiations on REDD+ by demonstrating how REDD+ can be applied at the country level and by learning lessons from this early implementation phase. The FCPF has created a framework and processes for REDD+ readiness, which helps countries get ready for future systems of financial incentives for REDD+. Using this framework, each participating country develops an understanding of what it means to become ready for REDD+, in particular by developing reference scenarios, adopting a REDD+ strategy, designing monitoring systems and setting up REDD+ national management arrangements, in ways that are inclusive of the key national stakeholders.

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF)

The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), which became operational in June 2008, is a global partnership focused on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, forest carbon stock conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+). The FCPF complements the UNFCCC negotiations on REDD+ by demonstrating how REDD+ can be applied at the country level and by learning lessons from this early implementation phase. The FCPF has created a framework and processes for REDD+ readiness, which helps countries get ready for future systems of financial incentives for REDD+. Using this framework, each participating country develops an understanding of what it means to become ready for REDD+, in particular by developing reference scenarios, adopting a REDD+ strategy, designing monitoring systems and setting up REDD+ national management arrangements, in ways that are inclusive of the key national stakeholders.

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF)

The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), which became operational in June 2008, is a global partnership focused on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, forest carbon stock conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+). The FCPF complements the UNFCCC negotiations on REDD+ by demonstrating how REDD+ can be applied at the country level and by learning lessons from this early implementation phase. The FCPF has created a framework and processes for REDD+ readiness, which helps countries get ready for future systems of financial incentives for REDD+. Using this framework, each participating country develops an understanding of what it means to become ready for REDD+, in particular by developing reference scenarios, adopting a REDD+ strategy, designing monitoring systems and setting up REDD+ national management arrangements, in ways that are inclusive of the key national stakeholders.

Submission to the UNFCCC on addressing the drivers of deforestation

Submission to the UNFCCC on robust, transparent forest monitoring systems for REDD+

Submission to the UNFCCC on REDD+ methodological guidance

Report on common approaches for reference levels

Twenty-five success stories: Illustrating ITTO’s 25-year quest to sustain tropical forests

Twenty-five success stories: Illustrating ITTO’s 25-year quest to sustain tropical forests

Twenty-five success stories: Illustrating ITTO’s 25-year quest to sustain tropical forests

Governing the Forests: An Institutional Analysis of REDD+ and Community Forest Management in Asia

Tropical forests and climate change

Wood product accounting and climate change mitigation projects involving tropical timber

Work plan for accounting methodology development for wood products in climate change mitigation projects involving tropical timber

Working together to get forest measurement right: a solution for REDD+

ITTO’s Thematic Programmes brochure

REDD+ Forest conservation in developing countries

Policy Brief 10 Innovative Approaches to Land in the Climate Change Solution

Policy Brief 9 Agricultural Expansion and REDD+ An Assessment of Risks and Considerations to Inform REDD+ and Land Use Policy Design

The Role of Terrestrial Carbon in the Climate Change Solution, Where, Why and How

Case Studies: Getting countries MRV-ready, Lessons from Mexico and Guyana

Opportunities for achieving biodiversity conservation through REDD

The United Nations climate negotiations on reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD) provide a rare opportunity for conservation of tropical forests and biodiversity. Here, we explore the implications of REDD design and implementation options on biodiversity conservation and ways to link REDD with biodiversity conservation. From both a mitigation and biodiversity perspective, the most important immediate steps are to ensure that REDD is included in the new global climate agreement and maximizes the area of tropical forest conserved. It may also be possible to include guidelines or incentives within a REDD framework or in national implementation to channel funding to areas of high biodiversity. However, if the immediate steps above are not taken first, REDD will reach neither its mitigation nor its biodiversity conservation potential.

Comments on Elements for a possible draft decision on modalities for national forest monitoring systems and measuring, reporting and verifying

Performance-Based REDD+ and the Role of Non-Carbon Benefits

Safeguard Information Systems (SIS): An Opportunity for REDD+ Countries and Donors Alike

UN-REDD Programme donors and other partners

REDD+ reference level submission and technical assessment

How to Include Terrestrial Carbon in Developing Nations in the Overall Climate Change Solution

Sourcebook of methods and procedures for monitoring, measuring and reporting - COP 18 Version 1

This sourcebook is the outcome of an ad-hoc REDD working group of GOFC-GOLD (Global Observation of Forest and Land Cover Dynamics) that has been active since the initiation of the UNFCCC REDD process in 2005. It provides a consensus perspective from the global community of earth observation and carbon experts on methodological issues relating to quantifying carbon impacts of implementation activities to reduce emissions from deforestation and degradation in developing countries (REDD).

Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation – a Synthesis Report for REDD+ Policymakers

Statement on SBSTA-REDD+

Statement from the safeguards working group delivered at SBSTA 37

External Policy Brief: UNFCCC-COP18 - Overall Expectations for REDD+

UN-Klimakonferenz 2012 COP 18 in Doha, Katar Die Erwartungen des WWF

Working together to get forest measurement right: A solution for REDD+

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 21

Summary Madre de Dios Amazon REDD Project

Madre de Dios Amazon Project has been developed by Greenoxx NGO, who also financed an important part of the project and will exclusively commercialize it.

Rapport de sensibilisation, de consultation des communautés locales du district de Moungoundou-Nord sur le processus de changement climatique, de gestion durable des ecosystèmes forestier et de la lutte contre l'explotation illegeles des fôrets

Taking stock of our forests- Global Forest Observations Initiative

Forests and climate change after Durban: An Asia-Pacific perspective

Linking Adaptation and Mitigation through Community Forestry: Case Studies from Asia

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 20

Sourcebook of methods and procedures for monitoring, measuring and reporting

This sourcebook is the outcome of an ad-hoc REDD working group of GOFC-GOLD (Global Observation of Forest and Land Cover Dynamics) that has been active since the initiation of the UNFCCC REDD process in 2005. It provides a consensus perspective from the global community of earth observation and carbon experts on methodological issues relating to quantifying carbon impacts of implementation activities to reduce emissions from deforestation and degradation in developing countries (REDD). The Sourcebook is now available under the Doha COP 18 Version. It is to be understood as a living document. Further methods and technical details can be specified and added with evolving political negotiations and decisions. Respective communities are invited to provide comments and feedback to evolve a more detailed and refined technical-guidelines document in the future.

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 19

Safeguarding REDD+ Finance

Policy paper on REDDplus

The German NGO Forum on Environment and Development has recently developed a policy Paper on REDDplus.

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 17

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 18

The Sustainable Forest Products Industry, Carbon and Climate Change. Key messages for policy-makers. Third Edition.

Guidelines for REDD+ Reference Levels

Modalities for REDD+ Reference Levels

Submission by the CBD

A submission by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on REDD-plus safeguards.

Submission by the CBD

A submission by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on REDD-plus safeguards.

Submission by the CBD

A submission by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on REDD-plus safeguards

The REDD Market Should Not End Up a Subprime House of Cards: Introducing a New REDD Architecture for Environmental Integrity

Carbon leakages can wipe away mitigation benefits under REDD achieved in a country. So far no REDD mechanism has been proposed that can separate good credits of true mitigation value from those that could possibly be stained by leakages. The greatest concern of investors in such a market would be the fear of buying goods whose real worth is far less than that paid for, much like the subprime housing crisis of 2008 when good financial products of low risks were bundled with those with high risks and sold as composite products for leveraging, a financial innovation that brought doom to the participating banks. This paper proposes a new REDD Plus architecture that would ensure that instead of every REDD credit becoming suspect the market would discount only those credits that have a higher probability of leakages unless the monitoring system is considered robust enough to allay the fears and would thus be able to ensure environmental integrity by punishing lapses in specific cases. This will also permit simultaneous operation of Fund based mechanism within same national boundaries in distinct geographical areas and enable incorporation of forestry projects under the CDM within the REDD framework.

At the heart of REDD: a role for local people in monitoring forests?

REDD+ implementation challenges include linking remote sensing and national forest inventories of carbon stocks, to local implementation and measuring carbon loss from forest degradation. Community-based forest monitoring can help overcome these challenges. This analysis shows that local people can collect forest condition data of comparable quality to trained scientists, at half the cost. Empowering communities to own and monitor carbon stocks could provide a rapid and cost-effective way of absorbing carbon dioxide emissions, while potentially contributing to local livelihoods and forest biodiversity conservation.

Environmental monitoring: the scale and speed of implementation varies according to the degree of peoples involvement

Solutions to the global environmental crisis require scientific knowledge and responses spanning different spatial scales and levels of societal organization; yet understanding how to translate environmental knowledge into decision-making and action remains limited. This analysis examined 104 published environmental monitoring schemes to assess whether participation in data collection and analysis influences the speed and scale of decision-making and action. The results show that involving local stakeholders in monitoring enhances management responses at local spatial scales, and increases the speed of decision-making to tackle environmental challenges at operational levels of resource management.

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 16

Terrestrial Carbon Policy Development: Innovative Approaches to Land in the Climate Change Solution

It is the purpose of this report to consider four key areas and outline the challenges, opportunities and possible policy solutions: given current progress nationally and internationally. These areas are: How can the ‘plus’ in REDD+ (enhancement of forest carbon stocks, including sustainable forest management) be best achieved? How can agriculture be addressed as a driver of deforestation? How can soil carbon stocks be enhanced in forestry and agriculture? How can agriculture and forestry be linked?

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 15

Sustaining and Enhancing Forests Through Traditional Resource Management

This book contains the case studies on traditional forest resource management of indigenous peoples in three countries: Kenya, Nicaragua and Indonesia. One vital element about these case studies is that the those who did the research and wrote the cases were indigenous researchers, themselves.

State of Forest, Policy Environment and Ways Forward

These studies covered the drivers of deforestation and existing national laws and policies on forests, land tenure, indigenous peoples and their rights, climate change and REDD+ from nine countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The reports also provided recommendations on how to address issues and challenges affecting forests and indigenous peoples.

Asia Summit on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples: Report of the Summit

This is the report of the Asia Summit on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples that was organized by Tebtebba and AMAN (Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara) of Indonesia. The summit was held in Bali, Indonesia last 24 - 27 February 2009 as part of the series of regional summits by indigenous peoples that culminated in the Indigenous Peoples Global Summit on Climate Change in April 2009.

Climate Change, REDD+ and Indigenous Peoples: Training Course for Indigenous Peoples

Composed of 5 training modules, this training course on Indigenous Peoples, Climate Change and REDD+ aims to enhance the capacity of indigenous leaders, educators and organizers to engage in national and international processes and mechanisms, particularly REDD+ and its repercussions.

Establishing Efficient, Equitable, and Environmentally Sound Reference Emissions Levels for REDD+: A Stock-Flow Approach

A “stock-flow” approach to reference emissions levels for REDD+ is a simple and workable option for establishing environmentally sound, efficient, and equitable incentives to reduce deforestation and forest degradation. It meets the needs of a broad set of Parties and therefore might be broadly acceptable in UNFCCC negotiations on reference levels. Further, the “stock-flow” approach offers a structured path for negotiations that avoids political gaming at the expense of environmental integrity. Countries that reduce their flow of emissions from deforestation and degradation below a historical reference emissions level would be eligible for payments as part of the results-based (or “third”) phase of REDD+. This might include market, market-linked, and non-market sources. A portion of payments for emissions reductions would be put into a “stabilization fund” that would re-allocate payments to countries based on forest carbon stocks. This approach would provide balanced incentive payments to conserve forests in both historically high- and low-deforestation countries, while maintaining a level of environmental integrity necessary for progress towards global REDD+ goals.

Forests and Climate Change after Lima: An Asia-Pacific Perspective

Using carbon as a funding mechanism for conservation; Is REDD+ right for you? An introductory Guide (World Land Trust/ IUCN NL)

This report collates the main outcomes which hopefully will be of use to African NGOs and to a wider audience. The report provides introductions to key issues that we discussed and aims to condense the most useful outcomes from two workshops held in Africa in 2010, focusing on key points raised, questions, barriers and lessons learned from both the trainers and participants’ experiences. One of the key outcomes from these workshops was the realisation of the commitments required from a NGO to fully engage in a REDD+ project and that it is not necessarily suitable for everyone in their present capacity. So how does an organisation know if it is ready to tackle a REDD+ project? What sort of questions do they need to ask themselves? And if they’re not ready, what alternatives are there to help prepare for future engagement?

Press Release: The European Union announces €3.1 million to secure livelihoods in the Colombian Amazon through forest conservation

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 14

Biodiversity and Livelihoods REDD-plus Benefits

The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Deutsche Gesellschaft für International Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) have published a booklet on ‘Biodiversity and Livelihoods.

La Diversidad Biológica y los Medios de Vida Beneficios de REDD-plus

The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Deutsche Gesellschaft für International Zusammenarbeit (giz) have published a booklet on ‘Biodiversity and Livelihoods.

Biodiversité et moyens de subsistance Les avantages REDD-plus

The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Deutsche Gesellschaft für International Zusammenarbeit (giz) have published a booklet on ‘Biodiversity and Livelihoods.

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 13

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 12

The Costs of REDD: Lessons from Amazonas

The Amazonas Sustainable Foundation is a public-private, independent and non-profit, non-governmental institution of public interest and without political party connections. It was founded in December, 2007, by the Amazonas State Government and the Bradesco Bank, according to its bylaws, approved by the State Public Ministry, in the title recorded at civil registry, according to federal and state laws.

Methodology for estimating reductions of greenhouse gases emissions from frontier deforestation

The Amazonas Sustainable Foundation is a public-private, independent and non-profit, non-governmental institution of public interest and without political party connections. It was founded in December, 2007, by the Amazonas State Government and the Bradesco Bank, according to its bylaws, approved by the State Public Ministry, in the title recorded at civil registry, according to federal and state laws.

Workshop on biodiversity benefits of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries

A global expert workshop on biodiversity benefits of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD), co-organized by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the UN REDD Programme, was held in Nairobi from 20-23 September 2010. The workshop report and all presentations are now available from the CBD website.

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 11

What is needed to make REDD+ work on the ground? Lessons learned from pilot forest carbon initiatives

In this report, Conservation International provides an in-depth analysis of 12 pilot forest carbon initiatives in which it has been involved as partner, in order to provide preliminary insights into what will be needed to make REDD+ work on the ground. Located in nine countries throughout Asia, Latin America and Africa, these initiatives represent a broad range of geographic, socioeconomic and biophysical conditions and provide a unique opportunity to examine the challenges and opportunities of designing and implementing forest carbon initiatives in different countries. By providing a holistic and fine-scale analysis of Conservation International’s experiences in implementing reforestation and REDD+ initiatives on the ground, this study reveals many of the real-world challenges that project managers and policy makers will likely face as they design and implement new REDD+ initiatives , and provide practical recommendations of how to enhance the chances of successful design and implementation in the field that result in the provision of climate, community and biodiversity benefits.

促使REDD+机制切 实发挥作用，尚有 哪些欠缺？ 由森林碳汇试点项目得 到的经验 执行纲要及建议

What is needed to make REDD+ work on the ground? Lessons learned from pilot forest carbon initiatives Executive Summary + Recommendations

¿Qué se necesita para hacer REDD+ funcionar en el campo? Lecciones aprendidas de iniciativas piloto de carbono forestal Resumen Ejecutivo + Recomendaciones

De quoi le mécanisme REDD+ a-t-il besoin pour fonctionner sur le terrain? Retour d’expérience d’initiatives pilotes de carbone forestier Synthèse + Recommandations

O que é necessário para fazer o REDD+ funcionar em campo? Lições aprendidas em iniciativas florestais de carbono Sumário Executivo + Recomendações

The Democratic Republic of Congo's REDD+ Potential - Study by the Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Tourism, DRC

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 10

The REDD+ challenge in DRC - presentation at Forest Day 3, COP 15 at Copenhagen

Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment in the Democratic Republic of Congo - National Coordination REDD

Readiness Plan for REDD (R-PP draft) by the DRC for the period 2010-2012

Groupe de Travail Climat REDD (GTCR) de la société civile de la République Democratique du Congo - Communiqué de presse sur la mission UN-REDD et FCPF

Coordination Nationale REDD de la République Démocratique du Congo - Rapport des ateliers de pré-validation et de validation de la RPP

Le processus REDD+ en RDC - État d'avancement, organes de gestion et contraintes majeures, presentation

Plan de Préparation à la REDD (R-PP draft) 2010-2012 de la RDC

Le développement de la stratégie REDD - présentation at séminaire de validation du R-PP

La RDC face au défi REDD+ - État d'avancement de l'ONU-REDD en RDC, presentation at side event: developpement de l'initiative REDD en Afrique Centrale, COP 15 at Copenhagen

Les négociations internationales pour la lutte contre le changement climatique, présentation

Analyse exploratoire du potentiel REDD+ de la RDC, présentation

L'accès au financement "fast start" pour la RDC, présentation

La RDC face au défi REDD, présentation aux Nations-Unies, réunion de l'equipe pays

Rapport du atelier de sensibilisation et consultation des Parties prenantes de la province du Katanga sur le processus REDD en RD Congo tenu a Lubumbashi

Potentiel REDD+ de la RDC - Ministère de l'Environment, Conservation de la Nature et Tourisme, RDC

La RDC face au défi REDD+ - État d'avancement de l'ONU-REDD en RDC, presentation at side event: developpement de l'initiative REDD en Afrique Centrale, COP 15 at Copenhagen

ABC REDD - Comprendre REDD et ses enjeux, Réseau Ressources Naturelles (RRN), Dynamique des Groupes des Peuples Autochtones (DGPA)

Forests and Climate Change after Copenhagen: An Asia-Pacific Perspective

Following COP15, forestry stakeholders have raised many questions about the meaning of the Copenhagen outcome for people, forests, and forestry. FAO and RECOFTC recently brought together 12 experts in Bali to debate the issue and provide answers to a dozen key questions.

Vietnam: Why REDD+ Needs Local People

TEDxWorldBankGroup

Kenneth Chomitz, Senior Adviser at the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) of the World Bank, spoke about the climate change and its impact on the distruction of tropical rainforest.

TFD Review - Investing in REDD-plus - Consensus Recommendations on Frameworks for the Financing of REDD-plus

Over the year 2009, The Forest Dialogue (TFD) has held three international dialogues and one writing workshop on Financing REDD-plus, which engaged 100 leaders from different stakeholder groups. These stakeholders include indigenous peoples, family forest owners, industry, academics, IGOs, ENGOs, trade unions, social NGOs, forest industry, forest and carbon investors, retailers and government representatives. The TFD's dialogue initiative on Financing REDD-plus focused on the elements of a framework for REDD financing and implementation. The consensus reached during this initiative has led to 26 recommendations launched on October 1st, 2009, during the UNFCCC Climate Change Talks in Bangkok, Thailand. The recommendations were fed into the processes of the Informal Working Group on Interim Finance for REDD+ (IWG-IFR). A more extensive report on TFD’s initiative on investing in REDD-plus was published in June, 2010, which captures not only the 26 recommendations but also other key issues that have been discussed under this stream of dialogue.

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 9

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 4

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 5

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 6

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 7

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 8

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Special Issue

Interview on the Effectiveness of Protected Areas and Deforestation

Ken Chomitz, Senior Advisor in the World Bank's Independent Evaluation Group, highlights his new research findings about protected areas and how they affect deforestation in this interview. Bio of Mr. Chomitz: In his role with the IEG, Ken Chomitz has focused his work on environmental economics. He is the author of "At Loggerheads? Agricultural Expansion, Poverty Reduction and Environment in the Tropical Forests", and one of the authors of the World Bank\'s World Development Report 2001 on sustainable development. He has worked extensively on the causes and consequences of land use change and on climate change. He was previously with the Bank's Development Research Group. Prior to joining the World Bank in 1993, he was a National Research Council Fellow at the US National Academy of Sciences; Assistant Professor of Economics at Boston University; and senior Advisor, Development Studies Project, Jakarta. He holds an undergraduate degree in mathematics from M.I.T. and a PhD in Economics from the University of California, Irvine.

Reporting REDD - A Journalist's Guide to the Role of Forests in Combating Global Climate Change

Produced by Panos London as part of the Climate Change Media Partnership, this media pack aims to give journalists an overview of a vital issue in global climate change negotiations. REDD - reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries - is a proposed mechanism to slow the loss of forests, but how it will work in practice is proving controversial, raising complex and emotive issues of national sovereignty, human rights, big money and corruption. The pack outlines the key debates and looks at the possible complexities involved such as the sheer scale of the mechanism, and the difficulties there might be in measuring the amount of carbon being saved.

Terms of Reference for Developing Capacities for a National Monitoring, Reporting and Verification System to support REDD+ participation of Guyana

The Government of Guyana has embarked on a national programme that aims to protect and maintain its forests in an effort to reduce global carbon emissions and at the same time attract resources to foster growth and development along a low carbon emissions path. The cooperation between the Governments of Norway and Guyana expresses a willingness to work together to provide the world with a relevant, replicable model for how REDD+ can align the development objectives of forest countries with the world's need to combat climate change. The initiative will require the development of capacities for MRV of forest carbon stocks and changes. As an initial step to the implementation of a MRV system for Guyana, a road map for the development of a MRV system for REDD+ participation for Guyana was designed, following a stakeholder participation session. The development of such a road map considered several aspects that were elaborated in a facilitation process and used in the preparation of Terms of Reference for developing a REDD MRV system.

Report and Summary of a Workshop and Consultation held on "Preparing Guyana's REDD+ participation: Developing capacities for monitoring, reporting and verification"

The Government of Guyana has embarked on a national programme that aims to protect and maintain its forests in an effort to reduce global carbon emissions and at the same time attract resources to foster growth and development along a low carbon emissions path. The cooperation between the Governments of Norway and Guyana expresses a willingness to work together to provide the world with a relevant, replicable model for how REDD+ can align the development objectives of forest countries with the world\'s need to combat climate change. The initiative will require the development of capacities for MRV of forest carbon stocks and changes. A workshop of 90 national experts and stakeholders, and a series of consultations with relevant agencies were conducted during 27–29 October 2009 in efforts to prepare Guyana\'s participation in REDD+ mechanisms. The workshop and the consultations produced significant progress to provide the foundations for developing the capacities for a REDD MRV system for Guyana. The results of this progress are contained in the following report.

Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance (CCBA) Standards Certification - Madre de Dios Amazon REDD Project

In December 2009, the Madre de Dios Amazon REDD Project was approved according to the Climate, Community and Biodiversity Standards. Due to its high social and environmental sustainability the project obtained Gold Level, being one of the first REDD projects to achieve said status.

Investing in REDD-plus, Executive summary of The Forest Dialogue consensus

Investing in REDD-plus, Consensus on frameworks for the financing and implementation of REDD-plus

Invirtiendo en REDD-plus, Resumen del Consenso del Diálogo Forestal

Invirtiendo en REDD-plus, Consenso sobre marcos generales para el financiamiento e implementación de mecanismos de REDD-plus

Investir dans la REDD-plus, Résumé du consensus atteint par The Forest Dialogue

Investir dans la REDD-plus, Consensus sur les cadres de financement et de l'application de la REDD-plus

The History of REDD policy - Kyoto to Copenhagen

A comprehensive summary of the history of REDD policy, from its roots in the Kyoto Protocol, December 1997, to the final meetings of the AWG-LCA and SBSTA before COP15 in Copenhagen in December 2009. The white paper discusses the genesis of REDD policy and provides an overview of major turning points in the key issues of contention in international REDD policy: -The scope of the definition of reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation; -Carbon Accounting for REDD - Measurement, Reporting and Verification; -The rights of Indigenous People; -Financing options for REDD; -Institutional arrangements - Should REDD be a NAMA or project based.

The Carbon Planet REDDiness index

The Carbon Planet 'REDDiness Index' illustrates a country's preparedness to implement sustainable REDD projects combined with the chances of the successful outcome or a REDD project. This is based on a combination of empirical factors that include: The rate of deforestation; Government policy and planning and Political stability.

The Little REDD+ Book

An updated guide to governmental and non-governmental proposals for reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation.

Guidelines and eligibility criteria for REDD on biodiversity and on Indigenous Peoples and local communities

This paper by Pro Natura - Friends of the Earth Switzerland considers REDD and suggests guidelines as well as eligibility criteria with regard to biodiversity, indigenous peoples and local communities. For more information contact Friedrich Wulf at < friedrich.wulf@pronatura.ch >

TFD Background paper

TFD is convening a series of multi-stakeholder dialogues to engage interested stakeholders in a constructive learning and discussion on the options available for the development of future REDD financial mechanisms. Through the dialogue, the participants will understand the various options for REDD financial mechanisms, identify the true fracture lines among stakeholders over the different REDD financial schemes, and begin to develop consensus based solutions to address the challenges to successful implementation. The first dialogue was held in New York City and it will be co-hosted by the UNFCCC Secretariat.

Co-chair's summary report

TFD is convening a series of multi-stakeholder dialogues to engage interested stakeholders in a constructive learning and discussion on the options available for the development of future REDD financial mechanisms. Through the dialogue, the participants will understand the various options for REDD financial mechanisms, identify the true fracture lines among stakeholders over the different REDD financial schemes, and begin to develop consensus based solutions to address the challenges to successful implementation. The first dialogue was held in New York City and it will be co-hosted by the UNFCCC Secretariat.

Co-chair's summary report

Built on the outcomes of the first dialogue, TFD continued the discussion on REDD finance in Montreux. Through a facilitated plenary and working group based process, the Montreux Dialogue aimed to apprehend the development on REDD financing on the Climate Change negotiation front, to integrate new developments into the discussion, to reinforce some of the points of consensus and to begin to bridge some of the points of disagreement that arose from the first TFD meeting in New York City. The dialogue is co-hosted by Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO), supported by Intercooperation.

An Assessment of National Forest Monitoring Capabilities in Tropical Non-Annex I Countries: Recommendations for Capacity Building

In partnership with the Government of Norway, GOFC-GOLD has carried out a study to understand the needs to monitor REDD in the world's tropical forests. This study examines, in 99 tropical non-Annex I countries, the current monitoring capabilities and the availability of remote sensing data and makes specific recommendations for the near term capacity development activities that would be required to implement an accurate forest area change and carbon monitoring system.

Curso Introductorio sobre la Reducción de las Emisiones de la Deforestación y Degradación (REDD): Manual de Recursos del Participante

Curso Introductorio sobre la Reducción de las Emisiones de la Deforestación y Degradación (REDD): Manual de Capacitación

Introductory Course on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD): A Participant Resource Manual

Introductory Course on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD): A Training Manual

Methodology for Estimating Reductions of GHG Emissions from Mosaic Deforestation

The methodology is for estimating and monitoring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of project activities that reduce mosaic deforestation. Carbon stock enhancement of degraded and secondary forests that would be deforested in absence of the RED project activity is also included in this methodology. The underlying conceptual approach of this methodology is based on drafts of the AFOLU Guidance Document of the Voluntary Carbon Standard. The methodologies is currently being used by a number of projects around the world, including the Madagascar Ankeniheny-Zahamena Corridor Project.

Local Participation in Natural Resource Monitoring – A Characterization of Approaches

No system exists to guide the development and expansion of natural resource monitoring schemes. To help develop such a protocol, the authors present a typology of monitoring categories, defined by their degree of local participation, ranging from no local involvement with monitoring undertaken by professional researchers to an entirely local effort with monitoring undertaken by local people. The strengths and weaknesses of each monitoring category are assessed. Locally based monitoring can lead to rapid decisions to solve the key threats affecting natural resources, can empower local communities to better manage their resources, and can refine sustainable-use strategies to improve local livelihoods.

Position Paper on the REDD Mechanism

The German NGO Forum on Environment and Development has recently developed a position paper on a possible REDD Mechanism to be established under the UNFCCC.

Comparing REDD mechanism design options with an open source economic model

This manuscript in review contains a full description of the OSIRIS model and research comparing a broad range of REDD reference level design options. This research finds that: REDD can be an effective and efficient source of emissions reductions; Extending REDD incentives to countries with historically low deforestation rates through higher-than-historical reference levels can prevent leakage to those countries, making the REDD mechanism more effective overall. This research is a product of the Collaborative Modeling Initiative on REDD Economics, a collaboration between Conservation International, the Environmental Defense Fund, the Woods Hole Research Center, the Terrestrial Carbon Group, and the University of East Anglia. For any questions on this manuscript, contact its lead author Jonah Busch: < jbusch@conservation.org > The analysis was generated with an economic model \"OSIRIS\", which is freely available on < http://www.conservation.org/osiris >, enabling any interested party or individual to model the emissions reductions and financial implications of different REDD reference level options.

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (REDD): An Options Assessment Report

A report prepared for the Government of Norway by the Meridian Institute assesses several important considerations for a future REDD mechanism under the UNFCCC, and strives to clarify and inform some of the critical choices that will need to be made about including REDD in a Copenhagen agreement. For more information and different language versions of the report, visit the REDD-OAR website.

Implications of REDD baseline methods for different country circumstances during an initial performance period

A paper submitted by Rane Cortez, on behalf of The Nature Conservancy. This paper compares the outcomes of seven proposed approaches to determine national baselines for measuring REDD (Compensated Reductions, Joint Research Center, Corridor Approach (V1 and V2), Combined Incentives, Stock-Flow, Terrestrial Carbon Group) as a function of country circumstances, using a retrospective analysis of FAO National Forest Resource Assessment (FRA) forest carbon emissions data. For more information contact Bronson Griscom, Forest Carbon Scientist, at: < bgriscom@tnc.org >

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 1

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 2

REDD-plus & Biodiversity e-Newsletter Volume 3

Le Petit Livre Rouge du REDD

The Little REDD Book is a non-partisan guide to governmental and non-governmental proposals for REDD, published by the Global Canopy Programme (GCP). The book, which has been compiled in collaboration with the Prince's Rainforest Project and other key forest stakeholders, presents thirty-three REDD proposals in a simple, non-technical language. For more information on the Little REDD Book or on the GCP, contact Charlie Parker: < c.parker@globalcanopy.org > The Little REDD Book has recently been updated and the third edition of the book is now available. Other language versions of the book in Bahasa Indonesia, French , Portuguese, Spanish and Mandarin are available at: < www.littleREDDbook.org >

A Field Guide for Assessing and Monitoring Reduced Forest Degradation and Carbon Sequestration by Local Communities

This document is a field manual, developed by the Kyoto: Think Global, Act Local project (K:TGAL, for more information on this project see the below web link), for the training of local organisations who would in turn train local communities to make formal forest inventories. It is a draft in progress, being updated and improved on a regular basis. Any comments or suggestions would be very welcome. Please send these to: < Verplanke@itc.nl >

Do trees grow on money?: The implications of deforestation research for policies to promote REDD

¿Crecen los árboles sobre el dinero? Implicaciones de la investigación sobre deforestación en las medidas para promover la REDD

木はお金で育つか？ 「森林減少と森林劣化に由来する排出削減(REDD)」 に対する森林減少研究からの示唆

Info Brief: Do trees grow on money?: The implications of deforestation research for policies to promote REDD

Info Brief: Financing REDD: Linking country needs and financing sources

Info Brief: Measuring and monitoring forest degradation for REDD: Implications of country circumstances

Moving ahead with REDD: Issues, options and implications

Info Brief: The role of REDD in stabilising greenhouse gas concentrations: Lessons from economic models

Info Brief: What is the right scale for REDD?: The implications of national, subnational and nested approaches

The Little REDD Book Third Edition

The Little REDD Book is a non-partisan guide to governmental and non-governmental proposals for REDD, published by the Global Canopy Programme (GCP). The book, which has been compiled in collaboration with the Prince's Rainforest Project and other key forest stakeholders, presents thirty-three REDD proposals in a simple, non-technical language. For more information on the Little REDD Book or on the GCP, contact Charlie Parker: < c.parker@globalcanopy.org > The Little REDD Book has recently been updated and the third edition of the book is now available. Other language versions of the book in Bahasa Indonesia, French, Portuguese, Spanish and Mandarin are available at: < www.littleREDDbook.org >

Financing Mechanisms to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation: Issues in Design and Implementation

The OECD in Paris, France, under the auspices of the Annex I Expert Group (AIXG) on the UNFCCC, has elaborated the following three documents on REDD: -Financing Mechanisms to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation: Issues in Design and Implementation -Incentives to Reduce GHG Emissions from Deforestation: Lessons Learned from Costa Rica and Mexico -Initial Review of Policies and Incentives to Reduce GHG Emissions from Deforestation The OECD also convened a workshop on 26 March 2008 on Incentives to Capture the Carbon and Biodiversity for Reducing Deforestation: Linkages, Synergies and Limitations. Links to the workshop agenda, all presentations and the Chair's summary are available at: < www.oecd.org/env/biodiversity >; For more information on the OECD work on REDD, contact Katia Karousakis at: < katia.karousakis@oecd.org >

Incentives to Reduce GHG Emissions from Deforestation: Lessons Learned from Costa Rica and Mexico

The OECD in Paris, France, under the auspices of the Annex I Expert Group (AIXG) on the UNFCCC, has elaborated the following three documents on REDD: -Financing Mechanisms to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation: Issues in Design and Implementation -Incentives to Reduce GHG Emissions from Deforestation: Lessons Learned from Costa Rica and Mexico -Initial Review of Policies and Incentives to Reduce GHG Emissions from Deforestation The OECD also convened a workshop on 26 March 2008 on Incentives to Capture the Carbon and Biodiversity for Reducing Deforestation: Linkages, Synergies and Limitations. Links to the workshop agenda, all presentations and the Chair's summary are available at: < www.oecd.org/env/biodiversity >; For more information on the OECD work on REDD, contact Katia Karousakis at: < katia.karousakis@oecd.org >

Initial Review of Policies and Incentives to Reduce GHG Emissions from Deforestation

The OECD in Paris, France, under the auspices of the Annex I Expert Group (AIXG) on the UNFCCC, has elaborated the following three documents on REDD: -Financing Mechanisms to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation: Issues in Design and Implementation -Incentives to Reduce GHG Emissions from Deforestation: Lessons Learned from Costa Rica and Mexico -Initial Review of Policies and Incentives to Reduce GHG Emissions from Deforestation The OECD also convened a workshop on 26 March 2008 on Incentives to Capture the Carbon and Biodiversity for Reducing Deforestation: Linkages, Synergies and Limitations. Links to the workshop agenda, all presentations and the Chair's summary are available at: < www.oecd.org/env/biodiversity >; For more information on the OECD work on REDD, contact Katia Karousakis at: < katia.karousakis@oecd.org >

Beyond REDD: the Role of Forests in Climate Change

Beginning in December 2007, The Forests Dialogue (TFD) has led a multi-stakeholder dialogue process focused on developing a clear, unified message and common set of principles illustrating the factors and conditions necessary to maximize forests and people’s ability to mitigate and adapt to climate change. The initiative has involved more than 275 diverse leaders representing all stakeholder groups from around the world. The group produced a comprehensive consensus Statement on Forests and Climate Change titled “Beyond REDD: the Role of Forests in Climate Change” that lays out 5 guiding principles and over 100 suggested actions for stakeholders including government climate negotiators. This document also includes 5 Briefing Notes. For more information on TFD’s Forest and Climate Initiative contact TFD’s Executive Director, Gary Dunning, at < info@theforestsdialogue.org >

Identifying optimal areas for REDD intervention: East Kalimantan, Indonesia as a case study

A paper by Nancy Harris, Silvia Petrova, Fred Stolle and Sandra Brown. On behalf of Winrock International, this paper was submitted by Nancy Harris. For more information, contact Nancy Harris at < NHarris@winrock.org >

A briefing paper on Rights, Equity, Development, Deforestation and Governance by Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities

This briefing paper was elaborated by the Task Force on REDD and Communities of the IUCN Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy, in collaboration with the Global Forest Coalition, a worldwide coalition of NGOs and Indigenous Peoples' Organisations. The briefing note is a contribution to the debate about policies and incentives to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD). It focuses on the potential of governance of forests by indigenous peoples and local communities, and discusses implications of envisaged REDD regimes for local rights. Feedback on the briefing note is welcome and can be sent to Simone Lovera, co-coordinator of the Task Force, < simonelovera@yahoo.com >

Global Forest Resources Assessment

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and its member countries and partners will conduct a global remote sensing survey of forests. This is part of the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 (FRA 2010).

Emissions and removals from land-use, land use change and forestry activities in a post-Kyoto regime - quantitative analysis of a framework for reducing deforestation

“Painting the forest REDD?” Prospects for mitigating climate change through reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation

A working paper submitted by Stefanie Engel and Charles Palmer from the Institute of Environmental Decisions at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich. This paper was written on the basis of findings from a book that the authors recently co-edited, entitled: \'Avoided deforestation: Prospects for mitigating climate change\'.

USAID's biodiversity conservation and forestry programs, FY 2007

USAID, along with the U.S. Department of State, spends approximately $90 million annually to reduce deforestation, increase sequestration, and enhance sustainable forest management. Some examples of USAID programs include: -Spending $30 million annually for conservation in the Amazon, including the Initiative for Conservation in the Andean Amazon and over $100 million since 2002 to targeted conservation programs as part of the Congo Basin Forest Partnership. -Working with the Center for International Forestry (CIFOR) to create a suite of training modules on topics related to forests and climate change, including modules on carbon accounting, forest management, trading carbon from forests, and international policy. -Assessing forest conservation and natural resources management programs – in countries such as Indonesia, Liberia and Bolivia – to see how they can be redesigned, to better incorporate forest climate practices and policies.

The Juma Sustainable Development Reserve Project: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Deforestation in the State of Amazonas, Brazil

The Amazonas Sustainable Foundation is a public-private, independent and non-profit, non-governmental institution of public interest and without political party connections. It was founded in December, 2007, by the Amazonas State Government and the Bradesco Bank, according to its bylaws, approved by the State Public Ministry, in the title recorded at civil registry, according to federal and state laws.

CCBA (Climate Community and Biodiversity Alliance) validation report

International Forest Carbon Initiative (IFCI)

The international community agreed in Bali that action must be taken now to address deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries and to establish the necessary systems and financial mechanisms to ensure long term emission reductions. The International Forest Carbon Initiative is Australia's contribution to this global effort. The International Forest Carbon Initiative is a key part of Australia\'s international leadership on reducing emissions from deforestation. The Initiative will support international efforts to reduce deforestation through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. It aims to demonstrate that reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation can be part of an equitable and effective international agreement on climate change. A central element of the Initiative is its focus on developing practical demonstration activities in our region, particularly in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Australia has signed Forest Carbon Partnerships with both Indonesia and Papua New Guinea under the Initiative.

Monitoring and estimating tropical forest carbon stocks: making REDD a reality

A peer-reviewed paper submitted by Mr. John O. Niles, on behalf of the Tropical Forest Group, addresses the issues of monitoring and estimating tropical forest carbon stocks. The paper has tabular information with multiple estimates of total forest carbon stocks for many developing countries. The IPCC guidelines (Tier 1) are used for one of the models, but the authors also use other models.

Guide on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples, 2nd edition

REDD+ Safeguards Information Systems: Practical Design Considerations

First in a new line of technical resource publications, offering practical design considerations for safeguard information systems (SIS) in line with UNFCCC requirements, this technical resource addresses the following questions: What does a SIS look like? How do I go about designing one? How much will it cost to both build and to operate?

Technical Brief: REDD+ Safeguards Information Systems: practical design considerations

Technical brief summarizing the full Technical Resource publication on SIS design considerations, available here: http://www.unredd.net/index.php?option=com_docman&view=list&slug=technical-resources-series&Itemid=134

Info Brief: Country Approaches to Safeguards: Initial Experiences and Emerging Lessons

UN-REDD Programme Info Brief summarizing the findings of the full Technical Resource publication on country approaches to safeguards. This review synthesizes the state-of-the-art knowledge on country approaches to REDD+ safeguards, with the primary aim of facilitating information exchange among REDD+ countries. The findings of this initial global review were informed by a consultative process engaging a number of countries who have made progress with their country approaches to safeguards. (Full corresponding technical resource document is available online at http://www.unredd.net/index.php?view=document&alias=15044-technical-resource-series-2-country-approaches-to-redd-safeguards-a-global-review-of-initial-experiences-and-emerging-lessons&category_slug=technical-resources-series&layout=default&option=com_docman&Itemid=134)

Document Technique: Système d’information sur les garanties : considérations d’ordre pratique sur la conception

Note technique résumant la publication technique intégrale sur les considérations en matière de conception de SSD, disponible ici: http://www.unredd.net/index.php?option=com_docman&view=list&slug=technical-resources-series&Itemid=134